Industry of our country glass is main kiln of vitreous pool kiln have 12 kinds, be aimed at these 12 kinds of kiln today model do to summarize, every kinds of kiln characteristic and applicable circumstance:
Flat pool kiln
The abbreviation of kiln of plate glass pool, belong to kiln of pool of horizontal blaze of type of accumulation of heat. Fused area 60~350m2, set 4~8 to port, disjunctive equipment uses short Xuan and card neck more, it is all kiln model in do not use throat. Kiln of plate glass pool includes cave dwelling of float law pool, bring on kiln of pool kiln, flat tension pool and press Yan Chi kiln.
System of the temperature that transverse blaze controls kiln easily to grow way, pressure, atmosphere and bubble borderline, and blaze covers an area big. The exercise system of horizontal blaze kiln is so stable, vitreous fluid quality is controlled more easily. Flat pool kiln divides the characteristic that has horizontal blaze outside, return the requirement that can accord with plate glass, be like crop uniformity of fluid of big, glass is good (especially former board small) of transverse difference in temperature.
Because the specific aim of flat pool kiln is strong, reason adaptability is poor, it is used at making only board glass (if pane reachs steel, interlining, burnish, in the treatment glass that place of glass of cool one's heels uses, with groove is brought go up, bring without groove go up, flat tension and float law shape method) and pressure extend glass (if pattern glass is mixed,place filar) .
Horizontal blaze throat kiln
This kiln belong to kiln of pool of type of accumulation of heat, have the double characteristic of transverse blaze and throat partitioning device. Its adaptability is big. Yield can raise when product quality requirement is general, attainable when controlling crop high quality product. Its dimensions retractility is big also, fused area from 25 ～ 140m2, set port 2 ～ 6 pairs, but economy of horse's hoof blaze is inferior to when dimensions is lesser. Apply at the hollow product with old production lot (like cup of bottle, water) with the press product with gross sheet (like) of insulator of carapace of picture tube Bo, toughened glass. Also have application in recent years at exceeding white glass product specially.
Throat of blaze of horse's hoof of type of accumulation of heat pool kiln
Kiln of pool of blaze of abbreviation horse's hoof. Compare with transverse blaze photograph, the advantage of horse's hoof blaze has: Blaze distance is long, combustion is complete; needs to carry a ministry to set a pair of port in kiln only, cover an area of small, investment province, specific power consumption is inferior, the operation safeguards handy; blaze to have certain effect partly to shaping, this can borrow to adjust below individual situation shape partial temperature.
Defect is: It is difficult that kiln grows build blaze of wanted; of hot industry system to cover an area small, and the temperature on kiln width distributings inhomogenous, especially blaze inverting brought periodic temperature wave motion and heat (namely the position that vitreous fluid high temperature spends) mobile; restricted kiln to port wide, ejective blaze is likely when the dimensions; that also restricted kiln burns oil push batch batch pile to throat to block a wall, those who go against batch is fused and clear, mix to cover board of lattice wall, throat shape body of ministry space build by laying bricks or stones has the effect that burn caustic.
Kiln of pool of horse's hoof blaze applies extensively at all sorts of hollow goods (be in charge of like hard surface of container, household utensils, chemical instrument, bubble, glass) , the production that controls goods and vitreous ball.
Kiln of pool of small horizontal blaze
Kiln of pool of small horizontal blaze is throat of small horizontal blaze of type of accumulation of heat pool kiln, fused area is less than 20m2, set a pair of port only. Kiln grows to be close to or be less than kiln wide, be like crab form, reason common calls crab form kiln, crab form kiln is with kiln of pool of horse's hoof blaze competition falls appear, place of kiln of pool of blaze of its excel horse's hoof is: Blaze covers a range big, blaze of fused fast; is stable, concentration, easy control, heat is outstanding, be helpful for because kiln bounty grows at kiln,clarifying; , facilitate pull shape greatly face, can set more for makings access, small to producing Bao Bi product is appropriate.
Defect is: Blaze is outspread distance of flow of fluid of glass of as poorer as exothermic; is short. If control is undeserved, glass can make it clear that space of bad; blaze is larger. Of unit volume medicinal powder crater of hot side big; is stood by drop material point, build by laying bricks or stones of more serious; builds corrode caustic more troublesome. It is better that crab form kiln is making fruit of effectiveness for a given period of time of hard surface of glass service, bubble, chemical instrument only. Because this kiln controls fused process difficulty, amount of specific fuel consumption is larger, what reason uses is less.
Kiln of pool of odd Xuan of heat exchange type
This is a kind of old small-sized pool kiln, melt the area is less than 20m2 commonly, can burn coal, produce heat gas, oil is gas perhaps, oily two burn. The person that fire box of straight fire pattern is used when burning coal calls pool of straight fire pattern kiln, the person that use half gas fire box calls half gas pool kiln. Light produce the square when furnace is gas to produce furnace and circle to produce furnace to be able to be used.
Use fore-and-aft blaze, its circumstance basically is the same as with horse's hoof blaze. By blaze course of going from place to place will divide two kinds into one glyph and T glyph. The flue gas of one glyph kiln carries ministry eduction from the job, the flue gas of T glyph kiln from working ministry two side eduction, vitreous fluid uses throat space, blaze space not space or partial space. Heat exchange room is put below kiln or kiln two side.
Compare with photograph of kiln of pool of type of accumulation of heat, kiln of pool of heat exchange type is covered an area of small. The structure is simple, the operation is handy, temperature and atmosphere are stable, fuel alternative range is wide. Defect is air warm-up temperature low, blaze temperature is inferior, fused ability is lesser, unit heat consumption is taller, heat exchange room is blocked up easily, easy flat.
This kiln apply to production crop not quite, the product with quality general requirement, be like hollow goods (hard surface of container, household utensils, pipe, bubble) , vitreous bead, plate glass of little flat tension and bubble flower are alkaline wait.
Kiln of pool of double Xuan of heat exchange type
This kiln develop by kiln of odd Xuan pool and come, its structure characteristic is double deck Xuan. The flue between Xuan of inside and outside of flue gas classics flows to heat exchange room. Place of kiln of odd Xuan of this kiln excel is: Kiln Xuan comes loose temperature of blaze of hot small; is higher the temperature inside; kiln distributings evener and stable; port is ejective ministry of strong; job does not wear blaze exhaust opening. But many shape exercise mouth; can use inferior coal. Defect is: Build by laying bricks or stones is built give or take a lot of trouble. It is difficult that the kiln that bake warms up master the Xuan inside; to be mixed easily to expect by high temperature powdery corrode caustic.
This kiln applicable circumstance and kiln of pool of odd Xuan of heat exchange type are the same as, but use more generally.
Unit kiln
Unit kiln is 20 centuries the kiln that the development at the beginning of 50 time rises. Have kiln look long and narrow (4~5 of length breadth ratio, somes of the length breadth ratio of individual and large kiln is small) , use high fever is worth fuel, blaze and vitreous fluid are converse flow, use air of metallic recuperator warm-up, nozzle is much wait for a characteristic. Fused area 10~50m2, somes a few kiln is bigger. This kiln advantage is: Fused quality is good (very even) , adjust easily frit makes a curve, facilitating implementation automation is operated, the structure is simple, cover an area of little, investment is low, build wait quickly. But existence specific fuel consumption is bigger (because air warm-up temperature is low) , motivation is used up noise is big, bigger wait for defect. Use at making high quality glass and special type glass only at present (like lens of fibre glass, eye, glass-ceramics board) .
Kiln of advanced frit of complete oxygen combustion also uses unit kiln structure.
Kiln of refluent type pool
This kiln because blaze and vitreous fluid are converse,flow gets a name. Refluent when quantity of heat is used more sufficient, combustion efficiency is tall, vitreous fluid has clarified. Heat changes style, fused area is less than 20m2, kiln long and narrow, kiln carries double Xuan structure on the head, with contented qualitative heat exchanger. This kiln be kiln of double Xuan pool and unit kiln is integrated, absorbed these two kinds of kiln model advantage, broke through unit kiln to be worth the tie of fuel and metallic heat exchanger with high fever, reduced pink to expect internally the corrode caustic of Xuan, but the drawback that still has kiln of type of general heat exchange. Ever used at making glass be in charge of before (water flat tension is in charge of) etc is hollow goods.
Kiln of pool of blaze of double horse's hoof
Kiln of pool of blaze of double horse's hoof it is close will 20 years develop the horse's hoof of type of accumulation of heat of a kind of copy that rise the kiln of pool of heat exchange type of blaze pool kiln. In kiln upright ministry sets 3 port, most department both sides is eruptive, intermediate temper forms body of double horse's hoof. Kiln is long be close to kiln wide, be bordering on square. Home in last few years try out this kiln will replace kiln of blaze of horse's hoof of type of accumulation of heat and kiln of double Xuan pool. Practice makes clear, place of this blaze of horse's hoof of type of accumulation of heat of kiln form excel is: Blaze enclothes feel ashamed to accumulate too, the temperature on kiln cross section is spent even, do not need to trade fire (the temperature inside reason kiln stabilizes) , place of kiln of pool of double Xuan of simple; excel is accessory equipment: Blaze distance is long, combustion is more sufficient, can increase kiln pool breadth and without inside the anxiety of Xuan cave in. The insufficient place that exists at present is: Temperature of intermediate temper door is high, easy burned-out, air warm-up temperature is inferior, heat reclaims rate is not high, affected blaze temperature rises with what limitted fused ability. Apply to the hollow products with production quality general requirement and suppress product, when needing much start working to make a mouth especially. Because the defect of this kiln did not get improvement, reason is used rarely.
Kiln of branch type pool
Kiln of branch type pool also calls total space pool kiln, the blaze space of fused ministry and working ministry is complete space, working ministry heats separately. Normally, fused ministry uses formula of accumulation of heat (horse's hoof blaze or) of small horizontal blaze, working ministry uses heat exchange formula (double Xuan) , reason belongs to accumulation of heat - heat exchange type combines kiln. Two parts place uses fuel OK and identical, OK also and different. Working ministry is multi-purpose natural gas, liquid gas, city gas or heavy oil. Fluid of two parts glass borrows throat to be interlinked, fused area is less than 20m2 commonly.
Blaze space is complete after space, the hot industry system that fuses ministry, job ministry can build place to need alone, each other noninterference. Fused ministry can use high temperature compulsive frit is made. Shape ministry temperature easy control is stable, the quality of vitreous fluid is consequently good, yield is higher also. But structure of the kiln after complete space is complex, cover an area of slightly big, cost slightly tall. Kiln of branch type pool shapes at making aptly temperature requirement is strict. The product; with glassy capacity high demand is appropriate also at shaping artificially, output is little, working opening wants many, system is small qualitative light product, wait like hard surface of canal of chemical instrument, glass, penicillin bottle, bubble.
Day pool kiln
Day pool kiln belongs to kiln of intermittent type pool. Build to replace crucible kiln. Kiln pool seem one big crucible, its are fused craft system and crucible kiln similar, everyday a cycle (also have a cycle little the) at 24h, friend calls day of pool kiln. Daily output 1 ～ 5t, kiln pool area makes an appointment with 2~6m2, tank depth is more shallow. General use high fever is worth fuel, set air of warm-up of contented qualitative heat exchanger, with double Xuan structure, blaze and vitreous fluid are reversible also to flow, most department shapes artificially, make partitioning device with throat or buoy. Place of kiln of crucible of excel of day pool kiln is: Labor intensity is light (do not need to change crucible) , operation condition is good, specific fuel consumption is low, fused ability is great. The problem that exists at present is sufficient: Decrease of kiln pool corrode is sharp, the kiln when with electric frit fireproof material build by laying bricks or stones is built age not long also (general 5 ～ 12 months) the product that; still produces very heavy big norms hard (if be shown greatly,resemble screen) . Day pool kiln applies to production crystalloid glass, color glass, milk glass and certain industry glass (be like glass-ceramics) .
Double type kiln
China of this kiln department is founded. It is combined by day pool kiln and half crucible kiln and become. Hold pool kiln and crucible kiln concurrently two kinds of forms, friend calls double type kiln: Make fuel with heavy oil. The suction that the blaze with pool kiln ejective port passes crucible kiln igneous aperture, the path that encircle fire enters heat exchanger. Crucible kiln relies on pool kiln flue gas the radiate of more than heat and space of pool kiln blaze heats up fused glass. The quantity of heat that sets auxiliary nozzle to make up for crucible kiln is insufficient. Characteristic of double type kiln is: The structure is compact, cover an area of small, flue gas utilization of waste heat is good, can at the same time frit makes all sorts of color glass. For example the frit inside pool kiln makes colorless glass, the frit inside crucible kiln makes color glass, this pair shapes artificially chromatically product is particularly appropriate.
Above 12 kinds of kiln in, what often see is throat of blaze of horse's hoof of type of flat pool kiln, accumulation of heat kiln of pool of double Xuan of pool kiln and heat exchange type 3 kinds.
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