The electric stove fusion in nonferrous metal smelt is the electric arc that produces electric energy through electrode and charging place or the high temperature that make resistor place generation through melt slag directly come to what melt expects. Controallable fuse-element temperature is in 1200 ～ any temperature inside 1600 ℃ limits. Fusion electric stove basically is used at fusion to contain the stock of composition of a large number of difficult frit gangue, be in the area with power sufficient natural resources, also use at fusion general ore.
The main good point of electric stove fusion is: Bath temperature adjusts easily and can reach higher temperature; Amount of theoretical burned gas is low; Thermal efficiency is tall, can amount to 60 ％ ～ 80 ％ ; Broken bits quantity is little, fusion metal over all recovery is advanced.
The main drawback of refine of electric stove pink is: Electric energy is used up big, treatment is expended and relatively reverberator fusion is tall; Charging contains moisture not to exceed 3 ％ commonly; Capital construction invests slightly high country.
Our country the smelt that waits in copper, nickel, zinc, stannum, the respect such as the heat preservation of melt slag and dilution all uses hot plate.
Next, flourish Cheng Naicai reachs fusion environment with respect to the structure of body of heater with electric stove of cupreous concentrate and nickel concentrate fusion, the brick that introduces its place to need firebrick reach phyletic feature.
One, the furnace of fusion electric stove
The electric stove of concentrate of fusion vulcanization copper and mine of vulcanization copper nickel can be had rectangle, elliptic wait for appearance with the circle.
In nonferrous metal smelt, large fusion electric stove uses stationary rectangle commonly airtight electric stove. The hearth area with larger be patient of of rectangular electric stove and power, relatively appropriate to the configuration of transformer, be helpful for the depart of matte and slag, build by laying bricks or stones of body of heater is built convenient etc.
The dimension of rectangular electric stove, grow 10 ～ 35.66m, wide 4.5 ～ 10.67m. Slaggy temperature is 1200 ～ 1380 ℃ , fusion eventually child is cupreous nickel milometer (the alloy that it is nickel, copper and iron) or cupreous milometer, temperature is 1050 ～ about 1250 ℃ , production undertakes continuously.
2, structure of body of heater
Body of heater is comprised by body of fireproof build by laying bricks or stones, steel structure and fundamental Dun.
By the foundation Dun is propped up between hearth and foundation, make structure of built on stilts.
As a result of temperature of hearth of fusion electric stove relatively temperature of fusion reverberator hearth is high, to protect hearth, body of fireproof build by laying bricks or stones is comprised by hearth, boiler setting, roof.
(one) hearth
Structure of hearth of fusion electric stove turns over arch type hearth for bricky build by laying bricks or stones, flourish Cheng Naicai thinks number of plies of the brick that turn over arch is 2 ～ 3, hearth total ply is 1250 ～ 1300mm commonly. By next upgrade ordinal for hearth armor plate (40mm) , be able to bear or endure baked wheaten cake is noted makings (95 ～ 150mm) , argillaceous brick (230 ～ 300mm) , magnesia brick (760mm) , also have need not fireproof note makings, brick of immediate step clay (500mm) , magnesia brick is used on its (760mm) , build by laying bricks or stones becomes hearth of the type that turn over arch.
Producing the discovery in practice, the configuration of hearth is bad, its are main defect is:
(1) hearth bottom make it returns form of whole of form of arch shape form fireproof and pouring makings base, both sides tall, intermediate bottom, intermediate part is large only 150 ～ 200mm, the integral type base of six to one of this kind of thickness, cannot bear not only weight of body of heater of 1000 ～ 2000t, and do not expand in order to get used to different heat with inhomogenous sink, bring about fireproof and pouring makings base disintegrate, cause leakage furnace;
(2) side wall and hearth joint are seam continuously, aborning often appears strip is interstitial, cause leakage furnace.
After improving the configuration of hearth, become with saggar brick build by laying bricks or stones turn over vaulted base, replace original fireproof and pouring makings base, foot of the arch that turn over arch and furnace circumstances have sex be in the stage that use a fault to press build by laying bricks or stones to replace original seam continuously. And, the argillaceous brick drying of wet build by laying bricks or stones is rear but magnesia brick of build by laying bricks or stones turns over arch; If argillaceous brick layer and magnesia brick turn over arch,carbonado together after step is good, will rise because of the damp of base, make pulverization of superstratum magnesia brick. Flourish Cheng Naicai provides high quality fireproof data for you.
(2) boiler setting
The height of electric stove boiler setting of fusion copper concentrate or cupreous nickel concentrate is in 8.7m less than, side wall advocate build with magnesia brick build by laying bricks or stones under line of the wall of end wall, broken bits, the wall of above of broken bits line and all outside the wall uses argillaceous brick build by laying bricks or stones to build. Side wall ply: Magnesia brick 690mm, argillaceous brick 114mm. End wall ply: Magnesia brick 920mm, argillaceous brick 114mm. Crust of large rectangle electric stove uses minute of field boarding (board is large 20 ～ 40mm) cooperate to rise with framework body of fixed build by laying bricks or stones, in recent years a few large electric stove are improve life of lining of position of broken bits line, use water to cover boarding, have boarding effect already, have the effect of water-cooling boiler setting again.
(3) roof
When electric stove undertakes fusion works, electrode immersion is inside slag, electricity is carried inside slag and heat, serve as the heat source of fusion with slag. Accordingly, from fuse-element inside the reaction gas with not much separate out and vapor. In addition, slag surface is enclothed by charging place for the most part, consequently the temperature of the roof when fusion does not exceed 600 ℃ . The furnace top that builds with argillaceous brick build by laying bricks or stones uses a case very good.
Roof uses argillaceous brick build by laying bricks or stones to build commonly. Thickness of face of furnace of large electric stove is 300 ～ 400mm normally, sometimes to reduce loss of quantity of heat, in the build by laying bricks or stones on roof an adiabatic brick, roof span is 5.3 ～ 6.2m about; Ply of roof of small-sized electric stove is 230mm. When if stay on roof,setting larger hole, use all round its fireproof and pouring makings is pouring into whole. Also have use fireproof and pouring makings pound make or bury those who set water-cooling copper pipe is prefab and fireproof pouring makings roof, it has better integral sex and sealing than bricklaying roof.
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