Build a method about the build by laying bricks or stones of firebrick, we are common basically 3 kinds reach way of law of law of flat build by laying bricks or stones, side build by laying bricks or stones, perpendicular build by laying bricks or stones. Great majority of law of flat build by laying bricks or stones is used at boiler setting, also a few is use at the lower level of hearth. In fireproof data industry, common it is law of flat build by laying bricks or stones namely, namely we often say obey law of a build by laying bricks or stones. Annular build by laying bricks or stones builds often also use law of build by laying bricks or stones of side of; of law of flat build by laying bricks or stones to basically apply at two place: It is layer of the brick end the shop, for example open-hearth furnace and the hearth; that heat up furnace 2 it is vault of side build by laying bricks or stones, for instance; of push without using one's hands of mouth of open-hearth furnace tapping sets upright law of build by laying bricks or stones last kinds namely, be called to establish build by laying bricks or stones again, basically use at two place: It is the superstratum of hearth,
Silica brick, it is the main breed of acidity firebrick, it basically is used at build by laying bricks or stones to build the Jiao Lu, heat that also is used at furnace of to calcine of element of all sorts of glass, pottery and porcelain, charcoal, firebrick to be versed in the vault of kiln furnace is mixed other bearing place, bearing in the high temperature of hot-blast stove place also has use, but unsuited in 600 ℃ and temperature wave motion is used in large hot project facility.
Jiao Lu is the equipment of furnace of kiln of main high temperature that coke produces, jiao Lu basically is built by firebrick build by laying bricks or stones and become, before the step that has firebrick is built, need to have the following execution condition and technological process:
Had requirement answers before build by laying bricks or stones is built
(1) foundation platform and counteractive wall experience receive qualification, accord with design requirement.
(The position of the spray pipe below 2) , elevation passes an inspection. Check and accept qualification.
(The line of vertical, horizontal center of 3) body of heater, furnace carries line of char room center, front line to already had been installed.
(4) body of heater sedimentations the reference point of observation already was installed end.
(5) chute already carried entirely with the fireproof material of next place fireproof material library, of regenerator and chute beforehand build by laying bricks or stones is built already finished entirely.
(Of big canopy of 6) anxious furnace safeguard a structure to already was installed end.
Anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones builds technological process
1, the method that anxious furnace construction basically uses schedule of the day to work will control figure rate of progress planned speed strictly. Everyday 3 exercise, namely morning shift slop supplies workshop section to undertake fireproof slop agitate reach slop carry show build by laying bricks or stones of emplacement; day shift builds workshop section in the build by laying bricks or stones on furnace on furnace, bricky workshop section is placing bricky field to place a brick on, full use reachs the brick that slop supplies workshop section to carry workshop section to had placed the field that place a brick to slop; evening shift complements on furnace the position is appointed on furnace.
2, Jiao Lu build by laying bricks or stones is built undertake in group, complete furnace is synchronous, everyday every groups of build by laying bricks or stones a wall. Firebox of path of every groups of responsible N when the wall, day of regenerator place 2n is one loop, day of firebox place N is one loop. After every loop build by laying bricks or stones is over, complete roof elevation keeps consistent.
3, area of anxious furnace chute connects Jiao Lu firebox and luxuriant hot cell, offer the current way of gas, air or waste gas, set adjust brick, discharge of adjustable air current, be helpful for temperature is controlled and heating uniformity.
The specific means that build by laying bricks or stones builds firebrick of anxious furnace chute:
1, build by laying bricks or stones builds inclined flue ground floor before the brick, with Jiao Lu fore-and-aft center line is fiducial, a brick wall supports to go up in regenerator, the basis devises measure, lever of use level staff guage, the picture gives the positional clue of chute mouth, begin bricklaying next.
2, when build by laying bricks or stones builds regenerator to carry layer of the following brick on the head too, the elevation of photograph adjacent wall should keep strictly consistent, and often be used rely on feet to check. Seam fission to prevent the brick of this place or step on work, answer on metope laid gangplank gives protection. When build by laying bricks or stones has built top brick, should follow along with build by laying bricks or stones squeeze bottom the slop that go out to clear clean.
3, when build by laying bricks or stones builds chute mouth, whether accurate; is in the measure that should use opening of chute of of check of lever of horizontal staff guage at any time and position after every chute build by laying bricks or stones is over, should one by one reinspects body of build by laying bricks or stones of inclined flue of; of chute mouth dimension to become chase a layer to sweep, tick off carefully seam. Chase exhibit undertake elevation, flatness is reached expand seamed examination, eligible and rear but build by laying bricks or stones builds a brick. Before chute begins to turn (be in the 6th commonly after) should do clear thoroughly in the round. Chute bilges seam application to compress air to blow sweep, classics check ensures without by accident, will expand again seam inside filler has been filled.
Graph 1 expand seam the method that fills sawdust bits and fill bitumen
A- will expand first seam inside cram sawdust bits, and summary prep above will seam a;b- inside sawdust bits is ticked off piece, after made air vents 20mm to control;d- of;c- fill full bitumen to wait for bitumen sclerosis, the shovel goes the bitumen of face of tower above brick, sweep clean
Bitumen of;3- of bits of sawdust of 1- brick;2-
Graph 2 expand seam the method that fills epispastic styrene
A- blows the bricky side with good step first clean hind, make epispastic styrene relies on to tighten;b- to insert on block ash board, again the bricky;c- on the side of build by laying bricks or stones will block ash board to take out;d- expanding seam on stickup kraft
Skin of galvanized iron of;3- of epispastic styrene of 1- brick;2- blocks kraft of ash board;4-
Chute wants serious control high to dimension, prevent a level to had been seamed big or too small, had better chase a layer to measure dog, be in a center especially place, more appropriate is special attention, the certain brick of chute mouth exterior is very similar, should strengthen check , take strict precautions against fault of build by laying bricks or stones of brick of aperture of will inclined flue. The surface inside inclined flue aperture should level off, inclined flue expands seam the filler inside to have the following kinds: It is to fill sawdust, the surface is enclothed with bitumen on (graph 1); 2 it is to fill chipboard, bilge seam paper to answer ply is appropriate, the coping after filling should planish, the surface uses kraft paper or paper of wide adhesive plaster is stuck (graph 2); 3 it is direct clip build by laying bricks or stones epispastic styrene board, the surface uses kraft paper or Zuo of paper of wide adhesive plaster is sealed. When before using two kinds of methods, seam dimension to assure to expand, when build by laying bricks or stones is built, use be less than expand the wooden model that cracks width 1mm. Build by laying bricks or stones is over after each brick, should sweep carefully expand seam inside leftover slop, use compress air or aspiration to keep clear of clean, had filled filler, the surface is sealed severe. When using the 3rd kind of method, first will already the appearance of substance of build by laying bricks or stones that build by laying bricks or stones is over clears clean, make epispastic styrene board rely on to tighten bricky face, put block ash board, the brick on the side of build by laying bricks or stones, after the moisture that seams when the brick is absorbed to secure by the brick, take out block ash board. After build by laying bricks or stones is over, seal the surface severe. Fluctuation brick layer expands seam between slip seam inside oilpaper of Zuo of laid oil drop,
1- expands seam inside epispastic styrene board;2- laid slides oilpaper withstands superstratum expands hem edge;3- slides oilpaper covers lower level expands seam 5~10mm
Baffle of inclined flue place brick before build by laying bricks or stones is built, make line of furnace shoulder front in body of build by laying bricks or stones apparently, and line out advocate the width of the wall. Baffle brick elevation allows to lose error only, it is char room bottom in order to prevent stratosphere of; of bottom of room of char of the tower above after baffle is installed, exterior elevation and flatness ask on very strict, the surface must not have converse fault station.
Structure of system of anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones is complex, wall body is various, a narrow passage providing the only means of access to a certain place is densely covered, the line dimension claimed accuracy of each place is taller. Body of heater even if a few index such as line of line of central line, furnace head front, wall body center and elevation are controlling dimension of geometry of anxious furnace whole. Mouth of gas canal, chute, path establishing fire and center of aperture seeing fire are apart from the detail that affects Jiao Lu dimension. Accordingly, science, significant technology step and control step should be taken before undertaking build by laying bricks or stones builds lining firebrick, ensure anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones builds mass.
(Construction of 1) anxious furnace size control should give off each line 6 lines, want to be hit on counteractive wall and fundamental edge fine grain with the line in a carpenter's ink marker, overhaul is referenced after leaving. These 6 lines are: Anxious furnace is transverse central line; line of obverse side of anxious side of plane of; of line of fore-and-aft center of Jiao Lu of; of line of center of room of two edges char or move to the center after 200mm delimit below line, these 6 lines are the fixed position line of body of anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones. The elevation reference point of a few bodies tags Jiao Lu to go up in counteractive wall at the same time, measure fixed position error not to allow to exceed ±0.5mm,
(2) body of heater is fore-and-aft central line and machine are anxious line of two side obverse side uses measurement technique control. On counteractive wall, body of heater fore-and-aft center line and the acting front line of two side drop a point, use red triangle to tag, along counteractive wall completely every tall the line tags 3~5 dot, for be being used when different level, hit on counteractive wall with the line in a carpenter's ink marker. The openly line of regenerator and inclined flue is the front of furnace head, the openly line of firebox is the furnace shoulder line of furnace head. Fore-and-aft center line can undertake metrical with altazimuth directly, when measuring openly line, outward quantity takes 200mm can; altazimuth but erect is in in openly line, also but erect is in openly line less than.
(Line of center of body of the wall when 3) firebrick build by laying bricks or stones is built uses fore-and-aft level mark board controls fixed position. Anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones is built set two levels award in all board, mark of the first level is pulled set on fine grain of edge of anxious furnace foundation. Build to do not affect step machine is anxious head of two side furnace, horizontal mark board the setting should be more than 10mm from the span of openly line, this level mark board the central route that basically controls regenerator and inclined flue and wall are wide. Mark board sets the 2nd path standard in inclined flue the 6th baffle brick on, it is in inclined flue the 7th, the setting after eightfold build by laying bricks or stones is built, front of OK and clingy inclined flue, this level mark board the central route that basically controls firebox wall and roof to see igneous aperture wall.
Horizontal mark board after the setting is over. Draw line of center of edge char room to the level first on mark board, with tape cent takes the central line of each boiler setting, the foul line; of head of the wall wide clue that gives regenerator for fiducial picture with line of boiler setting center again and firebox machine, anxious furnace in the level on mark board, the method of fixed center is the bolt that use wood commonly, the line of center of mouth alignment boiler setting of wooden bolt can. As the heighten that wall body build by laying bricks or stones builds, by carpentry the hammer that use a line draws central line to furnace head, the span that checks wall body center and the line in a carpenter's ink marker can, furnace head build by laying bricks or stones is built should follow an inspection along with build by laying bricks or stones.
Should use statified when matching the row, picture that chase a layer to deserve to list the method of the line, fore-and-aft dimension is will assure with controlling span of line of boiler setting center strictly, the method is Jiao Lu line of center of each place boiler setting projects accurately on the erect surveyor's pole in plane side, anxious side, put line height to be 1.2m left and right sides every time, along with bricklaying process, section is finished in succession, often use nucleus of officer of standard feet staff, adjust in time, make central line span is controlled from beginning to end in very exact extent.
When bricklaying, superior rank mark board, be in the picture the center that the line of boiler setting center on this board aims erect surveyor's pole to go up line. Screw clamping apparatus. Press rank then the line of wall broad measure of the depict on mark board, two sides pulls line build by laying bricks or stones to build.
(The transverse size control when 4) firebrick build by laying bricks or stones is built is be apart from brick of center of the body that reach a wall in order to control mouth of furnace head brick, gas canal brick, chute, path establishing fire and the center of aperture seeing fire to be a foundation. When build by laying bricks or stones is built, locate furnace head and central brick first, step of brick of will gas canal is good, check with lever of horizontal staff guage corrective, again the other brick of body of wall of build by laying bricks or stones. Build by laying bricks or stones when each a narrow passage providing the only means of access to a certain place, undertake in time corrective.
Should use statified when matching row, progressively picture to deserve to list the method of the line, the control of transverse dimension is have the aid of the method that draws line distributing a line will come true. Above all a wall the permutation of every brick accurately depict is growing positional line on feet lever, next with Jiao Lu fore-and-aft center line is fiducial, direction of length of edge boiler setting puts the staff that put foot, on the metope with the good in bottom build by laying bricks or stones picture of the line that discharge a brick that gets on feet lever with angle square if pursue,3 are shown.
Graph picture of flank of 3 boiler setting deserves to list line sketch map
Line of vertical center of 1- Jiao Lu; 2- firebrick is seamed; 3- superstratum brick deserves to arrange a line; 4- draws line distributing a line to use wooden feet rod; 5- angle square
Place picture the line in a carpenter's ink marker is the central line of vertical lap seam. When fireproof build by laying bricks or stones is built, answer to make by this the line in a carpenter's ink marker the brick seams divide evenly to leave, and the Bian Leng of firebrick must not exceed this line, the method that adopts this kind of picture that chase a layer to deserve to arrange a line controls the build by laying bricks or stones of every firebrick to build the position. reason does not need to make an inspection additionally.
(Control of elevation of 5) body of heater is used erect surveyor's pole and measure the photograph that measure a place to be united in wedlock. In regenerator small flue place uses erect surveyor's pole to control level, height of erect surveyor's pole is in 1.2~2.0m, bottom is secured in the level on mark board, upside and scaffold are linked together by measure labour to give out standard level, give off bricky layer line by carpentry again, line control is pressed when build by laying bricks or stones is built.
Regenerator and above place are used measuring pilot method measurement technique is unified elevation red triangle is set in plane of system of build by laying bricks or stones, medium, anxious side, after every loop build by laying bricks or stones is over, measure personnel to be red triangle picture seasonable on metope. Red triangle is drawn commonly in 150mm of elevation of the end face that be apart from a wall locally, namely the 2nd of wall end face, body of this build by laying bricks or stones shoulds not be normally become loose. The quantity when build by laying bricks or stones is built takes red triangle to build the distance of the face to control the level of body of build by laying bricks or stones to build by laying bricks or stones. After every loop build by laying bricks or stones is over, undertake to the elevation of wall body integral answer is measured, master complete furnace in time the state of overall level. Chute area build by laying bricks or stones builds an area wider, use normally measure dog control, after every furnace head and central build by laying bricks or stones are over, by measure the examination that chase a layer, in order to achieve the high quality that build by laying bricks or stones of char room foundation builds.
Should use statified when matching the row, picture that chase a layer to deserve to list the method of the line, elevation control is through pursueing paragraph of control the elevation of appearance of substance of each place build by laying bricks or stones assures. Next, it is a foundation with this, the mark is on the erect surveyor's pole of plane side, anxious side, draw bricky layer line, this surveyor's pole is special body of heater is installed completely high. When build by laying bricks or stones is built, make rank mark board aim firebrick layer line, pull a line to undertake firebrick build by laying bricks or stones is built (build by laying bricks or stones of 6) wall body builds a demand double-faced hang a line. The wall body that forms by odd brick also asks double-faced hang a line, affect metope wrong station in order to reduce dimension deviation of the brick. Make two sides relatively even. Build by laying bricks or stones builds used line to be 8 nylon line, the pulling force when drawing a line not under 40N. The deflection value that the nylon line with long 16m leaves in different pulling force sees a table 1.
Express 1 nylon line to be worth in the deflection below different pulling force
Pull a line to be able to use line toad, on the scaffold that also can tie the line at two side, press in office of furnace head position with the brick. In the center of wall body place should choose a route, can reduce the deflection of the line already so, facilitate again machine, anxious the operation of two side personnel, mutual insusceptible.
(7) slop is full spending is the main index that anxious furnace build by laying bricks or stones constructs quality, build by laying bricks or stones builds Jiao Lu to should use two sides to make way of grey crowded oar. Right a few restrict as a result of firebrick brick structure, cannot use the brick that build by laying bricks or stones of crowded oar law builds, must strengthen tick off seam the job. All firebrick are seamed all answer slop is full with rigor, cannot use the brick that build by laying bricks or stones of crowded oar law builds, the slop of its vertical lap seam is full degree do not answer under 95% . Concealment seam should have ticked off before build by laying bricks or stones builds a firebrick, metope is seamed must be in of bricklaying had ticked off when the class, especially wall of mouth of gas canal brick, chute, path establishing fire and partition brick must be ticked off seriously seam, protect those who collect each a narrow passage providing the only means of access to a certain place is expedite with cleanness.
(The flatness of appearance of substance of 8) build by laying bricks or stones, verticality should be used at any time rely on feet, condole egg board examination, control, discover a problem to answer seasonable and corrective. Its quality flaw must not be corrected with beaten way after the slop in body of build by laying bricks or stones dries up.
Jiao Lu is the important equipment heating up labour of coking plant, its main effect is coal refine becomes coke. Jiao Lu basically is built by firebrick build by laying bricks or stones and become, structure of its body of heater basically has the share such as area of roof, firebox and char room, chute, regenerator, be linked together through flue and chimney. What reach working environment according to each place structure is different, the construction of its firebrick asks to also differ. It is Jiao Lu below each place ask with the construction of firebrick:
One, regenerator
1, when build by laying bricks or stones builds the small flue wall on slip layer, should prevent small flue wall to produce displacement.
2, grate brick should decide by the real measure of Bi aperture its arrange order.
3, when build by laying bricks or stones builds the base brick of grate brick or checker brick, the bricky stage end face that lays checker brick should maintain level. When checker brick bottom is nozzle board, of brick of nozzle board base go up the surface should level off, must not have converse fault station.
4, regenerator is bottom two black lead board should the fault seams laid.
5, the slip layer between half silica brick and silica brick should follow regenerator build by laying bricks or stones is built along with laid. After aluminum foil laid is over, ground floor should brush black lead, spread the 2nd aluminum foil again, upside build by laying bricks or stones is built should be in after cutting a gas canal aperture into parts, undertake.
6, build by laying bricks or stones builds regenerator wall and regenerator coping when body of the following build by laying bricks or stones, the mark that often should examine photograph adjacent wall by the regulation is still poor.
7, when cent format regenerator alternant build by laying bricks or stones builds Jiao Lu boiler setting and checker brick when, should use cleaner to chase a layer to sweep,
8, regenerator checker brick should be swept thoroughly in interior of body of heater and regenerator coping ticks off the build by laying bricks or stones after seaming 2 times to build. Checker brick should be piled up put orderly.
2, flue
1, the layer should be chased to tick off when build by laying bricks or stones builds inclined flue seam sweep, should undertake checking. Lower level brick without checking qualification, do not get build by laying bricks or stones to build a brick.
2, the transverse dimension that inclined flue aperture should examine at any time when build by laying bricks or stones builds inclined flue. Of inclined flue aperture inside the surface should maintain level.
3, build by laying bricks or stones builds regenerator coping body of build by laying bricks or stones should prevent to become loose when brick of each inclined flue below. When build by laying bricks or stones builds brick of coping of cent format regenerator,
4, baffle brick end face should keep flat. Inclined flue front forms the body of build by laying bricks or stones of head of furnace of char room wall to should accord with the quality standard of char room wall.
5, build by laying bricks or stones builds char room wall previously, should be in inclined flue baffle brick on install rank mark board, answer meter of step that takes level of wall of control char room.
3, char room, firebox
1, the exit of gas path should be in Jiao Lu step of char room wall comes to classics of exit height, gas path is swept and check qualification rear but sealed.
2, mouth of flue of path establishing fire, level, inclined flue and the brick that see igneous aperture inside are seamed should follow along with build by laying bricks or stones tick off seam.
3, when build by laying bricks or stones builds char room wall, should hold crural hand the level that board place and firebox partition brick trade date to be in metope.
4, when build by laying bricks or stones builds char room wall to seam furnace head continuously, should adopt measure to prevent system of furnace head build by laying bricks or stones outward dump.
5, before build by laying bricks or stones builds way of spirit of way establishing fire to had exported top brick, should sweep path establishing fire, answer classics examination is eligible.
4, roof
1, outside the end panel that char room crosses a brick to divide length way, other side all does not get treatment. The working face of the brick that cross a top must not have transverse flaw.
2, before drying-out, roof is swept after ending, should the slip layer that disclose wears aperture seeing fire to be in.
3, unfavorable build by laying bricks or stones becomes the width measure of drying-out passageway negative deviation, its underside should level off.
4, before build by laying bricks or stones builds the brick carrying a layer on the head of Kong Qiang seeing fire, ying Xianxiang build by laying bricks or stones watchs igneous aperture iron.
5, build by laying bricks or stones builds furnace top when common clay brick and adiabatic brick, do not get the method that uses form a vesicle.
6, after boiler setting of cent format regenerator and the roof build by laying bricks or stones that synchronous build by laying bricks or stones builds checker brick are over, should take out the protective establishment inside path establishing fire, undertake final aspiration is swept, answer via checking eligible rear cover good-looking fire aperture is built.
How to lengthen kiln furnace liner the service life of fireproof material:
1. Stability of the high temperature capability of fireproof material product, chemical stability, thermal stability, bulk and mechanical intensity need to satisfy.
2. Material does not pollute vitreous fluid, small to influence of vitreous fluid quality.
3. The service life that grows as far as possible.
4. The different capable person that build by laying bricks or stones is together is qualitative between fireproof material, do not have below high temperature catalytic.
5. Use makings quantity and heat loss due to radiation less as far as possible.
6. Fragile place uses high grade material, other position to be able to choose average data, accomplish the principle of ” of synchronism of “ reasonable form a complete set, kiln age.
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