Structure of vitreous kiln furnace and kiln furnace use fireproof data

Construction of vitreous kiln furnace and kiln furnace use character of fireproof insulation material

All-around control the main part that furnace of construction of key of vitreous kiln furnace, kiln uses fireproof insulation material and character

Thematic thought:

1, construction of key of furnace of kiln of detailed introduction glass and each raw material with commonly used buy

2, furnace of kiln of detailed introduction sandwich glass is various the main ingredient of fireproof insulation material and character

The crucial and tectonic norms of furnace of 3 period kiln

One, kiln of frit of sandwich glass of construction of key of vitreous kiln furnace is tectonic

Method or pressure delay vest in of shaping kiln of sandwich glass frit kiln of pool of horizontal flame type, according to everywhere its structure separates function into:

1, vitreous frit is made

2, heat source furnishs

3, more than heat reclaims

4, kiln of frit of glass of district of gas of smoke evacuation system is tectonic (4 one part)

1) frit makes one part: Cent is become join makings mouth, fused, response and leveling division, horizontal, raise a passageway (or cooling zone calling water) reach separate equipment (or card neck) etc;

2) : of hot primary supply?  of Lu of Zha of  of press and smooth of low orange of melt yellow  melt be ⒋ of grave Li two does ⑷ benevolence shake caries of ⑿ ÷  ?

3) more than heat reclaims: Checker brick, more than heat boiler;

4) smoke evacuation system enrages a road: Advocate pipeline of wind of the platoon flue, flue that raise a platoon, combustion;

 

1, frit makes a part: Is mouth of feed in raw material what structure and material pledge commonly? Mouth of feed in raw material also casts makings mouth namely, be by cast makings pool and upside to block a wall (wall of condole of the face before L form) composition, temperature of mouth of feed in raw material is in commonly 1100~1400 ℃ , rise to batch beforehand frit action and sealed action:

Vitreous frit kiln is very much already used wait for pool of wide feed in raw material with fused ministry, make makings layer thinner, can prevent to slant makings, throw makings pool wall (bricky thick 250mm) use material is character: Brick of AZS36# zirconium corundum;

Upside blocks a wall to use wall of L form condole extensively (bricky thick 305mm) , this condole wall is alone and suspensory, can pool of lengthen feed in raw material, not only strengthened sealed reduced makings dirt to fly upwards, still strengthened pair of batch beforehand frit action; Condole wall uses material to pledge: The advanced silica brick of the entrance, also have electric frit Mo Shi or zirconium corundum brick or its combination brick are used to wait in the lower end;

The front that upside blocks a wall (namely the front of nose area of wall of L form condole) condole registers brick of one gear blaze or bag of a group of water, basically have sealed effect, the brick that block blaze uses material to pledge: Low expand silica brick or agglomeration Mo Laishi brick. Structure of brick of wall of condole of L of structure of brick of L condole wall fuses big Xuan L as string of 1 wall steel structure blocks blaze brick to cast wall of makings mouth pool to block brick of shop front of blaze brickkiln pool to cast big brick of clay of pool of brickkiln of shop front of pool of kiln of wall of makings mouth pool

2, frit makes a part: Is fused ministry what structure and material pledge?

Fused ministry is to undertake batch fuses with glass fluid clarifies, the part of leveling; Because use the fused means that blaze surface heats, fused share plays two parts to go up, upside calls blaze space, bottom calls kiln pool; Fused ministry temperature is in commonly 1400~1600 ℃ .

1) blaze space is by parapet, big Xuan, before the dimensional system that the frontispiece after facial wall is mixed forms. Blaze space should satisfy fuel to burn completely, make sure supply batch fuses glass reachs his to clarify needs quantity of heat, should decrease as far as possible medicinal powder hot and sealed:

Big Xuan (bricky thick 500mm, there is 3*65mm outside light qualitative silica brick) : Its use condition has high temperature alkaline steam and blazing blaze gas, all use material to pledge commonly: High grade silica brick (some fused areas are an entrance high grade silica brick, clear area is homebred and high grade silica brick) ;

Fused area parapet (bricky thick 320mm) : Include brick of link up with to reach next clearance bricks (bricky thick 230mm) , its use condition has what pink expects to fly to those who come loose to carry melt hind on the head with Xuan to shed next content and blazing blaze gas, so, appropriate uses brick of AZS33# zirconium corundum; Clear area parapet (bricky thick 380mm) , its use condition does not have fused area adverse element, because this uses high grade silica brick can, such form a complete set use managing investment;

Go up clearance (or edge Xuan brick) : Its use condition is commensurate Xuan and remove silica brick of disjunctive big Xuan and corundum of parapet AZS zirconium bricky happening is catalytic, appropriate uses brick of stone of high grade zirconium (note: Silica brick belongs to acidity, zirconium corundum brick is belonged to alkalescent, zirconium stone brick belongs to neuter) ;

Before facial wall and hind frontispiece (bricky thick 450mm controls) : Among them before facial wall already was described in the 2nd clause, the use condition of frontispiece follows clear area parapet after same, all use high grade silica brick;

Brick of link up with (abnormity) : Hold the parapet bottom brick of iron plate in the palm for protection, hold iron plate in the palm with holding off the blaze inside kiln to be opposite burn caustic.

Hold iron plate in the palm, the heat when reaching normal production to facilitate expand when roast kiln furnace is repaired, parapet and big Xuan all are propped up alone; Hold iron plate in the palm to have effect of the parapet that prop up, hold iron plate in the palm inside the brick of link up with of bottom of edge cause parapet holds off the blaze inside kiln, be opposite in case hold iron plate in the palm burn caustic.

2) kiln pool is the place that batch fuses vitreous fluid undertakes clear, leveling, do not pollute vitreous fluid as far as possible, show a rectangle and enough periphery and bottom steel structure are propped up; Chi Bi and pool bottom all use big brick build by laying bricks or stones to build, can reduce material to machine quantity and convenient construction to reduce frit corrode;

Chi Bi (bricky thick 250mm is controlled) , its use condition is with vitreous fluid the contact erodes, its fuse the edge on the Chi Bi of the area still suffers batch to fly medicinal powder reach blaze ablation, all use brick of AZS36# zirconium corundum;

Pool bottom superstratum (100mm of shop front brick, dozen of makings 50mm is pounded among, 300mm of big brick of lower level clay) , its use condition is with vitreous fluid the contact erodes, angry- - fluid photograph up bore is eroded, shop front brick uses brick of AZS33# zirconium corundum, fused ministry parapet fuses ministry big Xuan clarifies a big Xuan to fuse ministry parapet L as string of 1 the wall fuses ministry pool wall clarifies a frontispiece after Chi Bi

3, frit makes a part: Working ministry (horizontal access) be what structure and material pledge?

Cooling ministry is the vitreous fluid that has fused farther leveling and cooling place, working procedure shapes to offer together below supply pure, transparent, even and the vitreous fluid with stable temperature; The parapet of its upside space but obligate operates aperture or exhaust adjustment temperature; Cooling part is upside space and kiln pool two parts, use temperature is 1200~1400 ℃ left and right sides;

1) space of horizontal access upside is comprise by frontispiece of parapet, big Xuan, around dimensional system;

Parapet (bricky thick 350mm) with frontispiece (bricky thick 450mm) , its use condition is temperature inferior and change is minor, fly without dust medicinal powder, use common silica brick;

Big Xuan (bricky thick 300mm) , its use condition is temperature inferior and change is minor, fly without dust medicinal powder, use common silica brick.

2) pool of horizontal access kiln is by Chi Bi and pool bottom two parts are formed, show a rectangle and enough periphery and bottom steel structure are propped up;

Chi Bi (firebrick thick 250mm) , its use condition is with vitreous fluid the contact erodes, because this cannot have any pollution to vitreous fluid, appropriate uses brick of corundum of α·β report frit;

Pool bottom (80mm of brick of superstratum shop front, 300mm of big Xuan of lower level clay) , its use condition is with vitreous fluid the contact erodes, cannot have any pollution to vitreous fluid, have higher mechanical strength, shop front brick also uses brick of corundum of α·β report frit.

4, frit makes a part: What does the partitioning device of frit kiln have? What use do each have?

Partitioning device has aeriform space partitioning device and vitreous liquid partitioning device,

Aeriform space partitioning device has short Xuan, condole to make the same score wall of Xuan, condole commonly:

Short Xuan (condole makes the same score Xuan) was to reduce parapet height, block the Xuan that neck around and frontispiece hand over namely, and the Xuan that raises access to enter overflow mouth, all rise to cut off action of dimensional gas convective, drop in temperature commonly 30~50 ℃ ;

Condole wall (basically have J model or U) , often cooperate to use with card neck, some condole walls can move up and down, facilitate adjust degree, almost can around space complete space, have bigger cooling effect. Bao Chibi of flood of neck of the card end pool of neck of card of wall of condole of form of J of entrance of neck of card of big Xuan of fused ministry of smooth Xuan of condole of neck of card of short Xuan of exit blocking neck 2) partitioning device has vitreous liquid bank of calorie of neck, cooling water bag, kiln:

Blocking neck is to fuse one paragraph between ministry and cooling ministry shrinks narrow kiln pool, cooperate to use with wall of short Xuan, condole, have disjunctive effect to the aeriform space between fused ministry and cooling ministry and vitreous fluid, drop the temperature of vitreous fluid thereby;

Cooling conduit is the circle that carries cooling water by a group or composition of quadrate steel tube, conduit height ground is practical and firm. After the vitreous fluid near cooling conduit suffers refrigeration, form viscosity bigger do not eat a layer, form a to block a wall, drop in temperature effect is big, not only can hold back not fused dross to enter cooling ministry, and through adjusting of conduit sink deepness, can control the quality that enters fluid of cooling ministry glass; Kiln pits, it is the convection that brae type space can hold back vitreous fluid, of kiln fore-and-aft have many kiln bank, be like clear belt, enter calorie of neck to reach enter working ministry front to all can set kiln bank.

5, heat source furnishs: Regenerator

1) utility: Regenerator is to use fireproof material to do matrix (call checker) save up the partial quantity of heat from flue gas of the eduction inside kiln, with will heat enter the combustion air inside kiln

Such not only can use heat of flue gas beyond, and make combustion air heats higher temperature, be helpful for raising exercise temperature;

Still have the channel that enters eduction of the waste gas inside kiln and combustion air at the same time;

2) is regenerator what structure and material pledge? Regenerator is by before, composition of the checker inside back wall, partition and regenerator, use temperature cent is 1200~1500 ℃ for upside, mid for 800~1200 ℃ , bottom is ＜ 800 ℃ :

A. Regenerator Xuan (bricky thick 350mm, there is brick of 3*64mm heat preservation outside) , its use condition flies for what pink expects medicinal powder, the temperature of high temperature changes, oxidation is reductive reaction, material is high grade silica brick character;

B. Regenerator target wall (bricky thick 350mm, the argillaceous brick that there is 146 outside and brick of 178mm heat preservation) its use condition is the same as regenerator Xuan, material is AZS33# zirconium corundum character brick or high pure electric frit magnesia brick;

C. Advocate wall and partition: Upside (bricky thick 350mm) , use condition is the same as regenerator Xuan, material is high grade silica brick character; Mid (bricky thick 230mm) , use condition is in lukewarm temperature changes, material is tall aluminous brick or magnesian qualitative brick character; Bottom (bricky thick 350mm) , use condition changes for the temperature of microtherm, material is brick of low stomatic clay character.

D. Xuan of bottom fire bars, use condition is the same as bottom checker brick, material is low porosity E character. Checker brick (canister form, lumen 160mm, mural thick 40mm)

Top upside 4, use condition flies for what pink expects medicinal powder, the temperature of high temperature changes (1200~1400 ℃ ) , material is magnesian zirconium 74/16% character brick;

Upside 13, use condition changes for the temperature of high temperature (1100~1300 ℃ ) , oxidation is reductive reaction, material is MgO98% brick character;

In upside 20, use condition is in the temperature of high temperature changes (1000~1200 ℃ ) of sulfate erode, oxidation is reductive reaction, material is MgO96% brick character;

Mid 22, use condition is the agglomeration of sulfate and alkaline steam, lukewarm temperature changes in (800~1000 ℃ ) , material is 72MgO~12CrO brick character.

Bottom 10, the temperature of use condition low temperature changes (500~800 ℃ ) reach temperature loading, material is brick of low porosity clay character. Partition of regenerator Xuan regenerator (silica brick part) partition of regenerator of the checker brick inside regenerator (magnesia brick part)

6, heat source furnishs: Port port is the main component of vitreous frit kiln, it is to make fuel and warm-up air mix, constituent flaming device; And when fuel burns gas for the day, port still removes warm-up air is entered or the passageway of eduction of the waste gas inside kiln; The passageway that surrounds by wall of port Xuan, port and port bottom, ℃ of use temperature 1400~1600:

Port Xuan and wall (bricky thick 200mm) , its use condition flies for what pink expects medicinal powder the temperature that reachs high temperature changes, appropriate uses brick of AZS33# zirconium corundum; Port bottom (75mm of brick of superstratum shop front, 5mm of intermediate zirconium qualitative separator, 114mm of brick of lower level clay) , its use condition flies for what pink expects medicinal powder the temperature that reachs high temperature changes, among them material of brick of superstratum shop front is brick of AZS33# zirconium corundum character. Mouth of port of big Xuan port is fused a checker brick of fluid of glass of platform of port of regenerator pool wall 7, heat source furnishs: The day lights air system main establishment: The day lights gas to match air chamber (include decompression and stabilized voltage) wait for day of conduit of pressure air feed to light gas blowout gun to assist device: Pneumatics machine, offer gas of combustion high pressure and spray gun refrigeration gas.

2, all sorts of fireproof material classify the main part that vitreous kiln uses all sorts of fireproof data and its function as follows:

1, silica brick;

2, argillaceous brick;

3, tall aluminous brick and silica;

4, brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium;

5, brick of electric frit corundum;

6, zirconium stone brick;

7, high pure magnesia brick;

8, direct union magnesia brick;

9, light simple fireproof stuff;

10, indeterminate form is fireproof material.

1, silica brick silica brick is float law or pressure delay vitreous frit kiln to make dosage most, also be a the most important brick kind. To large frit kiln, silica brick basically uses at: Fused ministry and wall of the back end before very big Xuan, parapet mixes working ministry kiln, regenerator carries Xuan and regenerator upside partition on the head to wait.

The main ingredient of silica brick reachs its function

The content of high-grade goods SiO2 of silica brick is 96~98% ;

It is to belong to acidity and fireproof material;

Its density is 2.35 to 2.38g/cm3;

Have strength of very high high temperature structure, if loading bate temperature is high (1640~1700 ℃ ) lead with creep low; And after absorbing a few alkaline qualitative constituent besides extremely slight frit corrode, do not reduce kiln to carry structural intensity on the head.

The main drawback of silica brick is heatproof shake function low.

Vitreous kiln has following characteristics with silica brick:

A. High temperature volume is steady, won't fluctuate because of temperature and cause change of body of heater: Vitreous frit kiln can maintain body of heater to not be out of shape below 1600 ℃ , the structure is stable.

B. Slight to vitreous fluid pollution: Silica brick bases is SiO2, if have,drop when use piece or exterior frit drips, won't affect the quality of vitreous fluid.

C. Be able to bear or endure chemistry erodes: The silica brick of upside structure suffers the R2O that volatilizes in vitreous batch (alkali metal) gas is eroded, the surface builds a smooth degenerative layer, make erode speed to become low, have protective effect.

D. Its bulk density is small: Can reduce weight of body of heater.

2, argillaceous brick

Argillaceous brick is the fireproof product that produces for raw material with saggar, kiln of frit of float law glass makes dosage more. Argillaceous brick basically is used at working temperature to be in the kiln furnace place of 1300 ℃ , the argillaceous big brick that if regenerator is lower,checker brick and wall brick, flue brick reachs pool end:

Argillaceous brick is basic composition and its function

Argillaceous brick its bases is Al2O3 content is 50~70% for content of 30~48% , SiO2;

It is to slant acidity fireproof material, the addition as content of the Al2O3 in the brick its acidity wear off, because appropriate of this clay brick is used at environment of acidity kiln furnace;

Its density is 2.4 to 2.56g/cm3, its are fireproof although be as high as 1700 ℃ ,spend, but only 1300 ℃ control loading bate temperature, cannot bearing when high temperature is used accordingly, cannot press press;

The heatproof shake sex of argillaceous brick is better, fluctuant range is bigger, be more than 10 times commonly (1100 ℃ / water-cooling) , the numerical value of linear expansion department of this and argillaceous brick is not quite great do not have phenomenon of much brilliant change to reach again have apparent grain structure to concern.

3, brick of tall aluminium of tall aluminous brick and brick of silicon line stone is Al2O3 content be more than the siliceous aluminium of 48% to pledge tall aluminium of fireproof material a general designation pledges fireproof material, use quantity of kiln of frit of float law glass is less if; pledges be joined in bricky burden in tall aluminium certain microelement of etc of stone of proportional silicon line will turn silicon line stone into the brick, tall aluminous brick basically is used at the wall of mid build by laying bricks or stones of regenerator, brick of silicon line stone basically uses at the fire bars Xuan of regenerator to wait:

Tall aluminous brick and brick of silicon line stone are basic composition and function

Common tall aluminous brick shows Al2O3 content is 48%~65% commonly;

Its are fireproof spend ≥1790 ℃ , loading bate temperature is 1420~1500 ℃ ; (tall aluminous brick and argillaceous brick photograph are compared, outstanding advantage is fireproof degree reach loading bate temperature tall. )

Its density is 2.4 to 2.65g/cm3;

Its main drawback is creep rate is higher, heatproof shake sex relatively argillaceous brick is poor;

Because brick of silicon line stone is joined in the burden of tall aluminous qualitative brick certain stone of proportional silicon line makes the heatproof shake sex of goods gets ameliorative.

4, brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium

Brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium belongs to Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 system (brick of abbreviation founding AZS) , it is basic fireproof material, . The content that presses ZrO2 differentiates, cent is 3 class: 33% , 36% , 41% ;

Brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium is basic composition and function

The brand of corresponding our country: AZS-33 (France is ER1681) its density is 3.4 to 3.6g/cm3, AZS-36 (France is ER1685) its density is 3.45 to 3.70g/cm3, AZS-41 (France is ER1711) its density is 3.55 to 3.80g/cm3;

It is good that brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium fights vitreous fluid aggressivity, its fight aggressivity to increase and can rise along with ZrO2 content. Because among them the fused temperature of ZrO2 is as high as 2700 ℃ left and right sides, and have fight high acerbity, alkaline the ability; that reachs the medium such as vitreous fluid

The ℃ of ≥1790 of loading bate temperature of brick of corundum of electric frit zirconium, vitreous photograph is oozy temperature ≥1400 ℃ ;

5, brick of electric frit corundum

Brick of electric frit corundum includes brick of brick of electric frit αAl2O3, electric frit α-βAl2O3 and β-Al2O3 brick; Among them brick of electric frit α-βAl2O3 is kiln of frit of float law glass use the best bricky material in place of working ministry or horizontal access Chi Bi, to large frit kiln, it basically uses at working ministry, horizontal access to reach an access to wait:

Brick of brick of electric frit corundum is basic composition and function

≥94% of content of the Al2O3 in brick of α-βAl2O3 report frit, structure of its brilliant photograph is the α-Al2O3 photograph of 45~55% and 45~60%β-Al2O3 photograph composition;

℃ of ≥1750 of temperature of its loading bate;

Its density is 3.38 to 3.39g/cm3;

Brick of α-βAl2O3 report frit does not pollute glass, and have below in 1350 ℃ fight vitreous fluid goodly to erode function and performance of good high temperature wear-resisting.

6, zirconium stone brick

Zirconium stone brick is with zirconium stone (ZrO2-SiO2) for the refractory products with main firing raw material; The disjunctive brick that it basically changes a Cha of big Xuan Xuan or parapet and big Xuan with Yu Rong, aperture seeing fire, test hole, use effect is better: The main ingredient of zirconium stone brick reachs 64~67% of content of ZrO2 of brick of stone of its function zirconium;

It is neuter fireproof material;

℃ of ≥1650 of temperature of its loading bate, its density is 3.7 to 3.75g/cm3.

It is good that zirconium stone brick has sex of better mechanical strength, high temperature resistant, heatproof shake and fight vitreous fluid to erode performance of fine waiting for actor.

7, high pure magnesia brick

High pure magnesia brick with high pure electric frit magnesia is become for agglomeration of suppress of raw material classics, basically use at the part of upside checker brick of regenerator, the bricklaying of superstratum wall body that also is used at regenerator now is hand-in-hand one pace develops his to wait in the scope of application of regenerator; High pure the main ingredient of magnesia brick and its function:

High pure ≥96% of content of magnesia brick MgO, it is the magnesium that is united in wedlock directly between grain of square magnesian stone qualitative refractory products;

High pure magnesia brick is alkalescent and fireproof material;

℃ of its ≥1750 of loading bate temperature, its density achieves 3.10/cm3.

It is better to fight urgent hot urgent cold property. Wall of build by laying bricks or stones is used high pure grid of form of magnesia brick canister is high pure magnesia brick

8, combine magnesian chromic brick directly

Combine magnesian chromic brick directly with high pure electric frit magnesia and chromite are raw material to be become via suppress agglomeration; What basically use at regenerator is medium part of bottom checker brick (basically use in 800~1000 ℃ area) :

Combine composition of magnesian chromic brick and its function directly

Combine content of MgO of magnesian chromic brick directly: 82.61% , Cr2O3 content: 9.5% , SiO2 content 2.02% , it is Fang Mei be united in wedlock directly between stone grain and chromite grain.

It is alkalescent and fireproof material;

℃ of ≥1765 of temperature of its loading bate, its density achieves 3.08/cm3;

Chromic brick of direct union magnesium and high pure magnesia brick property is similar, photograph comparing is high pure its fight magnesia brick alkalescent a bit poor, and heatproof shake sex and fight sulfate and SO2 to erode any better.

It is better to fight urgent hot urgent cold property.

9, light simple fireproof stuff

Light simple fireproof stuff belongs to heat-insulating material. It can reduce kiln body to come loose hot, managing the sources of energy, still can reduce kiln body weight, reduce kiln furnace cost. Light simple fireproof stuff includes light qualitative adiabatic firebrick and siliceous aluminous fiber to wait;

Light qualitative adiabatic firebrick uses raw material to be able to divide by place for:

Clay is qualitative (use at bottom of flue heat preservation, regenerator and pool bottom heat preservation, ℃ of use temperature 900~1200) ;

Aluminium is qualitative (heat preservation of the side outside upside of the wall outside be being used at port Xuan top, regenerator and parapet and Chi Bi, ℃ of use temperature 1350~1500) ;

Silicon is qualitative (change ministry Xuan with Yu Rong heat preservation of top of Xuan of ministry of top, job and regenerator Xuan top, ℃ of use temperature 1400~1550) ;

Mo Laishi is qualitative (heat preservation of the side outside upside of the wall outside regenerator and parapet and Chi Bi, ℃ of use temperature 1500~1550) wait

Siliceous aluminous fiber belongs to noncrystalline fiber, they include: Common model, use temperature 1000 ℃ ; High pure model, use temperature 1100 ℃ ; Tall aluminium, use temperature 1200 ℃ .

10, indeterminate form is fireproof material

Fireproof data also says indeterminate form medicinal powder shape is fireproof material, be mix by the fireproof aggregate of certain grading and farinaceous stock and bond, additive and become; Do not mix through shaping firing working procedure and the fireproof data that uses directly.

Does the material that can fireproof material use fireproof stock according to place classify indeterminate form character: ?

By craft character cent is: Fireproof mud (wall of build by laying bricks or stones is used) , pound dozen of makings (divide secondary floor or replace special shaped brick to use) , Ke Shuo is fireproof makings (sealed bilge seam or sealed heat-insulation layer is used) , pouring and fireproof makings (sealed polish is used) etc.