One, overview of filling technology of solder of pottery and porcelain
Solder the technology if electric welding, gas welding, project is plastic solder is to use electric energy or heat energy to mix solder the technology that is fused together by solder workpiece. Also be one kind solders like filling technology of solder of pottery and porcelain and electric welding, gas welding technology, it is a kind of special solder technology nevertheless, it is to use the mixture of farinaceous and fireproof material and farinaceous metal combustible to serve as solder, pass welding torch to carry solder for carrier with oxygen repair area, the blazing atmosphere that repairs area is waited for inside kiln furnace acuteness oxidation exothermic reaction produces between next metals and oxygen, arise solder melt a kind of pottery and porcelain kind deposit of bond put oneself in another's position arrives base is fireproof of material revamp a division, till achieve a needed ply. It is a kind of method of fireproof material in repairing industrial kiln furnace. Because this technology is to use the exothermic reaction that oxidation produces between metal and oxygen, the hydrocarbon flaming mechanism that goes up with common sense so is not identical. It is with the metal powder makes combustible, oxygen is made support combustion agent, wait for the high temperature that repairs area to make metallic powder burns, produce hot reaction. Additional, deflagrate inside welding torch to prevent combustible, still joined a few nitrogen.
2, composition of solder filling material
Vitreous kiln furnace is comprised by a variety of fireproof material, wait like brick of brick of brick of silica brick, AZS, magnesia brick, corundum, fireproof clay. According to solder mechanism, solder composition should is the same as with photograph of mother ability part or close, when choosing filling makings of solder of vitreous kiln furnace so, should choose matrix of as fireproof as filling place of solder of vitreous kiln furnace material to become split phase is the same as or the solder of close fills material. The silicon that company of filling technology engineering has developed solder of some pottery and porcelain to be able to apply to brick of brick of solder filling silica brick, AZS, magnesia brick, corundum now qualitative, zirconium is qualitative, magnesian the solder with tall qualitative, qualitative aluminium fills makings. Pledge with silicon solder filling makings is below exemple, undertake an analysis to solder composition. Silicon pledges solder filling makings also is filling material of a kind of adventitious fireproof gush, by composition of the compact and fireproof aggregate after certain grain grading, bond. Among them aggregate is the tall purity SiO2 that is bases in order to contain scale quartz and Fang Shiying: As main raw material, its content occupies the 85% above of gross of solder filling makings, additional, following part still contains in solder filling makings: The Al2O3 of 6% , the Fe2O3 of 2% , the CaO of 1%-2.5% , the Na2O of 0.1% , the K2O of 0.4%-1% . Additive bond uses common silicate, phosphate, get together the inorganic salt such as phosphate, solid metal is pulverous (like aluminium) content is between 2%-4% . The characteristic of this solder filling makings is an organization compact, aseismatic performance is strong. The quantity of heat that after metallic powder and oxygen produce acuteness oxidation to react, emits (temperature achieves 2000 ℃ above) make its fuse quickly. With silica brick (mother capable person) firm ground is sticky receive together, the whole that forms bulk stability is compact structure, and won't as a result of SiO2 brilliant model change generation to bilge to crack and damage revamp a structure.
3, the composition of filling equipment of solder of pottery and porcelain and technical advantage
Solder filling equipment basically is controlled by welding torch, batch mixer, operation dish, balata of pump of cooling water pressurization, high pressure is in charge of composition. Assist equipment to have: All expect machine, be able to bear or endure material cut curiums, station of small-sized hydraulic pressure, cooling equipment. Working requirement asks: The pure oxygen of 0.4MPa above, the nitrogen of 0.02MPa, of 1MPa hydraulic. Sketch map of solder filling job sees a picture 1.
Graph sketch map of filling device of solder of 1 pottery and porcelain
Filling technology of solder of use pottery and porcelain has the following advantage: ① uses tailor-made spray gun, can achieve traditional heat to build the position that can obtain far from, horn of Xuan of interior of the furnace that be like kiln. When ② is maintained, affect to production very small, sometimes negligible. The labor intensity of maintenance technician and dangerous sex reduce ③ greatly. ④ just can appear in place of kiln furnace weakness solder of pottery and porcelain is adopted to fill when the problem will repair, eliminate safe hidden danger.
4, the control of solder filling operation and craft parameter
Filling technology of solder of pottery and porcelain is to be in home's arisen kind to produce the maintenance method that repairs kiln furnace ceaselessly below hot condition in last few years, get applied extensively already in abroad. Project expert of abroad fumbles when having operation the operation method that gave a maturity and craft, operate by the project technology personnel that has experience when actual construction, the control of the craft parameter to the operation particularly accurate, personnel also has clear division of labor, each doing his own job. According to solder filling place and solder composition different, batch mixer gives with fixed rate makings, in order to assure welding line quality, in this process oxygen serves as already support combustion agent, serve as the carrier that carries solder again. Pressure and flow are steady, will immediate impact solders quality and efficiency, if pressure is too high, velocity of flow of solder filling makings is too rapid, fuse not easily completely, can form a tie in solder filling area broken bits is amiable aperture, the combinative strength with mother capable person is insufficient, solder filling quality is poor; If pressure is too low, velocity of flow of solder filling makings is too slow, although the quality of solder filling area has,assure but efficiency is inferior. In maintenance silicon pledges when big Xuan, general stability of pure oxygen pressure is in 0.4MPa, nitrogen pressure stability is in 0.02MPa. Speed solders to be able to achieve 30-50Kg/h below condition here. Of course. According to solder filling place and solder filling material composition differs, this craft parameter can undertake adjustment at any time.
5, solder filling effect
In July 2002, xuan of furnace of kiln of # of １ of company of some electron glass, 2 # carries Henan on the head place appears or big or small fusion hole (call mousehole again) , affect pool furnace safety badly. Filling technology undertakes the solder of pottery and porcelain that uses foreign some firm maintenance, gained a success. Graph 2, graph 3 it is 2 # Xuan horn solder fills on the right side of furnace the photograph of around. Two pieces of photographs are comparative, the fusion hole that after seeing solder fills apparently, corrodes and large area erode place by spray level off, the structural intensity of so big Xuan gets bigger rise. Through filling maintenance of solder of pottery and porcelain, furnace of # of this company ｌ ran furnace of 8 months, 2 # 7 years to run a month 8 years, furnace life lengthened ｌ ～ 2 years. Filling maintenance of solder of pottery and porcelain becomes prolate of pool furnace life a crucial factor, brought remarkable economic benefits for this company.
Graph on the right side of furnace of the 2# before 2 solder fill Xuan horn sketch map
Graph on the right side of furnace of the 2# after 3 solder fill Xuan horn sketch map
6, epilogue
Solder of pottery and porcelain fills is a kind of when the later period in vitreous pool furnace maintains very effective method, it also can apply on furnace of other industry kiln. Be in abroad, the hot form that uses contented to pledge solder filling technology undertakes to vitreous kiln, Jiao Lu bos stops production is repaired had had many application. To manufacturing business, the produces periodic place generation profit that lengthens kiln furnace is quite considerable, and the cost that solder of pottery and porcelain fills to produce periodic place to need to pay to lengthening is negligible, this also is this technology is in in last few years home's arisen reason.
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