Of the rapid progress as each country industrialization and urban population expand quickly, one of major problems that bring to urban government are: The sharp increase of urban rubbish and industrial litter is right urban environment and the serious pollution that dweller surroundings causes, the psychosis of the work that this causes people and life and even people gets serious undesirable effect. Accordingly, to the appropriate of urban rubbish and industrial litter processing already became a when urban government job solves urgently pressing issue.
In recent years, the serious and adverse effect that the city life rubbish that world each country grows day and day to alleviate and industrial litter give urban government and dweller life to bring, invest many manpower material resources and capital in succession, study actively and developed all sorts of processing measure, discussed a variety of ways, accumulated rich successful experience not only, and the effect with was obtained better, reduced rubbish processing substantially to use the land, can realize partial resource recycle, make become useless to be treasure, to improve urban sanitation management of state and beaded finish condition created advantage, assure basically to founded civilized town to offer.
Incinerator of mechanical furnace platoon is the rubbish incinerator type that develops earlier, through long-term development, the technology also becomes better day by day, moving reliability is high, it is current the dominant product on rubbish incinerator market, its amount occupies whole world rubbish to burn the 80% above of market gross. This kinds of furnace it is mature that the advantage depends on a technology, moving stability, reliable, adaptability is wide, majority solid rubbish does not need any pretreatment to be able to enter furnace combustion directly.
1, brief introduction of incinerator of rubbish of type of mechanical furnace platoon
Mechanical furnace discharges the furnace of rubbish incinerator to discharge cent to be 3 area: Area of dry section, combustion and area burning ashes. Below the action of pusher, rubbish enters dry section above all, pass the act that furnace discharges, rubbish moves forth on furnace platoon combustion area, reach area burning ashes finally.
Mechanical furnace platoon is cent platoon, slip furnace is discharged and turn over converter to discharge to secure furnace, the reciprocate that furnace discharges is finished through drive of hydraulic pressure linkage mechanism, fixed furnace platoon and flip through the opposite motion between furnace platoon drives rubbish to roll up, make rubbish is able to mix equably in mobile process, be helpful for catch fire and burning.
The horizontal aperture inbreathe that wind discharges a the reverse side to be installed through front from furnace. Furnace is discharged piece flank passes precision work. Every furnace is discharged piece assemble to secure each other, make a whole, air cannot pass space, such design can reduce leakage ash effectively to measure, also avoided any possibilities that are raised at the same time. Every furnace platoon is fastened by appearance spy fireproof and cast-iron a space, furnace is discharged piece with space cast-iron use the heat-resisting that contains the alloying element such as Cr, Ni, Mo, be able to bear or endure cast of corrode, wear-resisting, service life is long.
Furnace is discharged piece flank and on the surface passes precision work, avoided effectively to wear away, at the same time mobile furnace platoon and fixed furnace are discharged with stay between side wall have expand reasonably clearance, assure to carry platoon of the furnace between date of departure won't chafe with side wall. Because furnace discharges what material pledges to choose,with the structure the design is compared reasonable, the integral service life that furnace discharges can achieve 80000 hours.
2, principle of job of incinerator of rubbish of type of mechanical furnace platoon
Rubbish is entered through feed hopper tilt the furnace that be down is discharged (furnace platoon cent is area of dry section, combustion, light an area) , because furnace discharges the crisscross motion between, drive rubbish to lower part, make rubbish ordinal each area that go up through furnace platoon (rubbish enters another zone time by an area, the action that turns over greatly to since) , till light,use up eduction the chamber of a stove or furnace. Combustion air discharges bottom to enter from furnace and mix with rubbish, high temperature flue gas produces hot steam through the heating surface of boiler, at the same time flue gas also gets cooling, flue gas of classics of final flue gas handles the eduction after device is handled.
Photograph caption: Mechanical furnace discharges type incinerator sketch map
3, incinerator of rubbish of type of mechanical furnace platoon is fireproof the choice of material
When the heterogeneity mixture that comprises together for the quantity when the rubbish that burn, its type, amount and hot content respect also have very many with. Be measured for the content of this liner and the demand that is the same as level is estimated during chemical function should get used to an operation. Average volume exceeds the working temperature of rubbish incinerator 1400 ℃ , but complex working environment (be like gas erode, rubbish moves in high temperature be opposite in the process inside body of heater wear away and pound) the fireproof material with excellent demand measures liner, and demand also is measured increase.
Ask fireproof ability capacity is like next characteristics normally: 1) high strenth and good wearability, wear away with what counteractive solid content measures and heat up air current erode; 2) good bulk stability and acid-proof sex, with material of the acid inside counteractive furnace erode; 3) good thermal shock stability, in order to resist the change of furnace temperature is destroyed to what material measures; 4) fight goodly eat energy, burst apart with avoiding to erode and cause lining; 5) good high temperature strength and heat-resisting, adiabatic sex.
Rubbish combustion process can divide basis of incinerator of rubbish of mechanical furnace platoon to be mixed for area of dry section, combustion light an area, can divide according to the position give makings mouth area, furnace area of arch of platoon side wall, around and cuttings pick-up opening for rubbish pusher; The temperature that these different area lining place suffer, mechanical intensity is amiable atmosphere is not identical, need chooses relevant fireproof data according to respective characteristic.
Rubbish gives makings opening, be located in incinerator dry section, flue gas temperature is in commonly 500 ～ 600 ℃ , the wears away to be divided with water influence easy generation that gets rubbish is hot flake, its work the low cement with a general use higher strength is pouring the Molaishi with makings or wear-resisting better strength is pouring makings; Incinerator combustion area, because temperature is as high as 1000 ℃ left and right sides, side wall of platoon relying on furnace still is worn away by rubbish, slaggy and adherent wait for action, it is caustic, difficult to use wear-resisting generally adherent, fight the SiC with chemical strong aggressivity to hang a brick.
Of the thermal shock that the place such as upside sidewall, roof gets blaze and combustion waste gas erode and the smoke Wen Genggao of here, the chromic corundum that uses tall aluminous qualitative data more, SiC or Molaishi are prefab hang a brick to reach pouring makings. Temperature of position of cuttings pick-up opening is inferior (500 ℃ of 400 ～ ) , the tall aluminium with use normally higher intensity is qualitative pouring makings. Anyhow, the combustion temperature of incinerator<When 1200 ℃ , because silicon pledges the SiC goods of bond union is in application,form surround the layer of compact and permanent laziness of SiC grain, the material with SiC different content all comfortable at making its liner; Combustion temperature > when 1250 ℃ , the melt inside incinerator erodes atmosphere relatively intense, the product with the simple SiC of fireproof material excel such as the chromic corundum of high aluminous products.
4, epilogue
The on the safe side of rubbish incinerator moves to depend on greatly the stability of fireproof material quality and dependability, more depend on the reasonable design of fireproof material, select material and efficient safeguard. Current, the fireproof material product that gives priority to with raw material of aluminous alumina, clay cannot have satisfied incinerator large the operating mode need that change and worsens increasingly, incinerator also produced change gradually with the product structure of fireproof material.
In the meantime, in national environmental protection the canal accuses severe with each passing day situation to fall, fireproof data industry faces unprecedented new opportunity and new challenge. In view of this, proposal rubbish incinerator considers to develop from the following direction with fireproof material: 1) incinerator of rubbish of type of perfect furnace platoon uses fireproof data system, structure of reasonable design boiler setting, increase boiler setting stability; 2) place of development incinerator key is fireproof material product, solve rubbish to wear away, flying ash is adherent, slaggy erode and flake wait for a problem badly; 3) research is wet spray, pump sends the application that waits for construction technology to go up in incinerator, improve construction efficiency, increase proportion of indeterminate form product at the same time; 4) after studying incinerator is used, discard technology of fireproof material recycle, the loop that realizes resource is used.
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