Cupola uses firebrick with body of heater of fireproof material cupola, because layer of job of upside of body of heater suffers when makings be pounded to the machinery of charging and wear away, cause is common need not build by laying bricks or stones builds common firebrick, with sector build by laying bricks or stones of hollow iron brick is built, external use shaft of quartz arenaceous fill is lower working layer, be in especially the place of shaft, be pounded as a result of what get the data such as the argillaceous brick of high strenth and wear away, so general need not build by laying bricks or stones builds common firebrick, with quartz the tall aluminous brick such as the brick or magnesia brick. The adiabatic layer inside furnace uses brick of argillaceous heat insolation commonly or bleach bead brick. Layer of the job below cupola body, a place with a draught is a weak point of shaft, in one furnace battle, need for many times small long. Flux dosage is too big, wind force passes big or use oxygen boosting blast, intermittence works to wait often, affect the service life of lining directly.
According to the working environment of cupola, chosen fireproof material must accord with working temperature condition, fight wear away, heatproof shake capability is strong, broken bits erodes the Tie Herong that fight frit, the build by laying bricks or stones of Al2O3 clay brick with inferior quality is built, choose N-1 commonly, n-2a, n-3a cupola is foundry basically heats up one of labor facilities. To get the molten iron of high quality, use fused iron piece, make molten iron overheat. The working temperature of cupola: Inside 1400-1500 ℃ limits, duan Wen of hearth, crucible is spent in 1400-1600 ℃ , warm-up belt is in 800-1200 ℃ , 300-500 ℃ is around makings mouth. Its basically get the influence of following element: 1, fuse-element and makings column load; 2, mechanical wear suffers when next makings; 3, firebrick still can be eroded slaggily, and efflorescent, cease the temperature when wind changes quickly. Furnace is gas in contain a large number of reducing gas. CO2 content is 10% the left and right sides. According to the working environment of cupola, choose fireproof material to must accord with working temperature condition, fight wear away, heatproof shake capability is strong, broken bits erodes the Tie Herong that fight frit, the build by laying bricks or stones of Al2O3 clay brick with inferior quality is built, choose N-1 commonly, n-2a, n-3a.
The fusion characteristic of cupola. Cupola is a kind of vertical furnace of Lian Zhuzhu iron, it is fuel with coke, have 3 basic courses commonly, scorch namely, conduct heat composition of the fluid that reach iron changes. The 10 big characteristics of cupola fusion are as follows: 1. Process of the overheat of fluid of the absorption of heat that the combustion exothermic that cupola fusion is charcoal, iron expects, absorption of heat of iron fluid, iron and metallurgy reaction. 3 processes are affected each other, each other is cause and effect, change among them any will affect other process. Brought about different outcome. 2. Fusing is process of a kind of below high temperature physico-chemical reaction, pressure of content of the property that the influence reacts the element of process and result has temperature, material and condition, material, environment. Inside certain limits, fused process is a kind of material flow that has the law, make react parameter and reaction result are stabilized relatively. 3. High temperature offerred thermodynamic condition for fused process, also produce intense effect to kinetic condition at the same time, it is the postulate of fused process. The discretion of furnace temperature and inside the chamber of a stove or furnace distributing intensity of the quality of fluid of the stability of pair of fused processes, iron and cost, labor and manufacturing safety have main effect, accordingly, be the fused environment of cupola to create high temperature, reasonable temperature to distributing is cupola fusion technology want the job. 4. The product of cupola fusion basically is to use cast-iron, but will contain carbolic content low had arrived to the malleable iron fusion of 2.2% in all the tall carbon of brilliant composition is cast-iron. Pass parameter of parameter of logical choice furnace structure, charging sort, fusion, of producible different name cast-iron. 5. Because a lot of elements affect fused process, and the inaccuracy of a few elements is decided, bring about stability of iron fluid quality to differ. Be in so smelt tall brand is cast-iron, especially when large quantities of quantities are produced, still need to make be handled outside furnace to iron fluid, like desulphurization, be pregnant with, purify, the ball is changed, squirm is changed, heat preservation and warm up etc, as the necessary complement of the fusion inside furnace. 6. Warm-up of makings of the iron inside cupola is fused efficiency is tall, but efficiency of iron fluid overheat is inferior. Cupola from caloric reasonable use set out, fluid of iron of unfavorable and fused high temperature.
But from raise iron fluid quality to look, fused temperature should rise, accordingly, the cast iron in cupola is unfavorable also under 1450 ℃ . 7. The fusion of cupola undertakes continuously, iron fluid is poured out of with steadier flow from inside cupola, accordingly, the productivity of cupola expresses with fused rate, the time of successive fusion depends on manufacturing arrangement and charging life, the likelihood is number hour to a few months. 8. Get used to the ability of equipment system and productivity. Accuse equipment of feed in raw material of furnace, burden, warm-up to send wind equipment, water-cooling bead of equipment, broken bits by a spoon that has shaft, crucible, fan only, automatic check change purifying device of equipment, soot, automation cupola of the sirocco outside the modernization that check accuses the composition such as the system, can fusion gives eligible iron fluid, satisfy different requirement. Be less than a ton hourly, fused rate differs to hundreds of tons from a ton, can get used to different scale of production. But economic benefits of electric stove technology rises as the addition of electric stove capacity, because this develops high capacity cupola, reduce the amount of small cupola in great quantities, it is the need that our country construction casts powerful nation. 9. The metallurgy function of cupola is close friends than inductive furnace, the adaptability to charging is consequently wider also. 10. Although discharge the soot that can be polluted, slag to wait, but technology of contemporary environmental protection can realize the processing that amount to mark, of emission, soot and flue gas heat energy reclaim to the technology has applied in practice and be perfected stage by stage. From cupola Xiang Darong is measured, outside way of sirocco, long furnace life develops, those who came true to discharge is harmless change and use circularly.
Fireproof material occurrence craze, fall off, easy how to wear away to do? Want to solve a problem, need to be dug from germ, the analysis gives real reason, flourish Cheng Naicai is engaged in be able to bear or endure service of timber production, research and development is old, can solve all sorts of difficulty problems of liner of furnace of high temperature kiln, welcome broad new old friend to seek advice reach technical communication.
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