The definition of fireproof material and classification
1, traditional definition: Fireproof degree not the inorganic metalloid material under 1580 ℃ .
ISO definition: Fireproof degree do not reach goods under the metalloid material of 1580 ℃ .
2, classify according to appearance and dimension:
A, standard type 230×114×65mm
B, common model Not 4 over gage, (dimension is compared) Max:MIn<4.
C, abnormity Not 2 over reentrant, (dimension is compared) Max:MIn<6:1;
Or the acute angle that has 70° of ～ of a 50.
D, distinctive model. (dimension is compared) Max:MIn<8:1; Or not 4 over reentrant; Or have acute angle of 50° of ～ of a 30.
3, classify from the exterior:
Goods of A, brick: Firing brick, do not bake bricks;
B, medicinal powder account data.
4, classify by chemical attribute
Can divide roughly for acidity and fireproof material, neuter and fireproof material, alkalescent and fireproof material.
Chemical attribute is fireproof to understanding the chemistry of material, judge fireproof material to have important sense with the chemistry circumstance between osculatory content in using a process actually.
Fireproof material is divided in use process bear outside high temperature action, often accompanying slaggy (liquid state) reach the chemistry such as gas to erode. Erode ability to make sure fireproof material in use has enough resistance to erode medium, the chemical attribute of chosen fireproof material should as identical as the chemical attribute that erodes medium or adjacent.
1, acidity and fireproof material
It is to point to normally contain among them quite amount the fireproof material of 2 oxidation silicon.
Characteristic: Free content of 2 oxidation silicon is very high (be more than 94%) , it is the fireproof data with the strongest acidity;
Clay pledges fireproof material middle reaches leaves content of 2 oxidation silicon less, be weak acidity;
During half silicon pledges fireproof material is on. Also have zirconium stone simple fireproof stuff and carborundum pledge acidity of fireproof material classify is fireproof of material, because be contained in this kind of material taller SiO2 or SiO2 can be formed below high temperature condition. 
2, neuter and fireproof material
Neuter and fireproof material is told by firm sense is to show carbon is qualitative fireproof material. But the tall aluminium that also will give priority to body with tervalent oxide normally qualitative, corundum corundum of qualitative, zirconium is qualitative, chromic neutral of classify of simple fireproof stuff is fireproof material (bisexual oxide if Al2O3, Cr2O3) .
The chemistry that this kind of fireproof material issues pair of acid, alkalescent medium in high temperature state erodes the stability with be had certain, be opposite especially of weak acid, weak base erode the counteractive ability with be had better. 
3, alkalescent and fireproof material
It is to point to commonly with MgO, CaO or the fireproof material that are bases with MgO·CaO (magnesian, lime, magnesian chromium is qualitative, magnesian silicon qualitative, dolomite pledges refractory products reachs his indeterminate form material) . This kind of fireproof material is fireproof degree taller, erode to the chemistry of alkalescent medium have stronger counteractive capacity. 
Become classification by chemical and mineral group
This kind of taxonomy can the basic composition that very direct the earth's surface collects all sorts of fireproof data and character, producing, use, common taxonomy is on scientific research, have stronger actual application sense.
(1) silicon is qualitative fireproof material
Contain SiO2 to call silicon normally in the material of 90% above simple fireproof stuff, basically include silica brick and melt quartz goods. Silica brick is main raw material to produce with silica, its SiO2 content is common not under 93% , main and mineral composition is scale quartz and Fang Shiying.
(2) siliceous aluminium is qualitative
Siliceous aluminous simple fireproof stuff is reach composition of a few foreign matter place by Al2O3 and SiO2, according to its Al2O3 content differs can divide for: 1, half silicon is qualitative fireproof material (contain A12O3 15-30%)2, clay is qualitative fireproof material (contain Al2O3 30-48 ％ ) 3, expensive aluminous simple fireproof stuff (contain A12O3 ＞ 48% )
(3) magnesian simple fireproof stuff
Magnesian simple fireproof stuff is to point to it is main raw material with magnesia, with Fang Mei stone gives priority to brilliant photograph, mgO content is more than the alkalescent and fireproof material of 80% . Magnesian simple product: MgO content ≥87% , main and mineral for square magnesian stone; Magnalium simple product: Contain MgO >75% , al2O3 content is 7-8% commonly, main and mineral composition is square magnesian stone and magnalium needle spar (MgAl2O4) ; Magnesian chromic simple product: Contain MgO>60% , cr2O3 content is in commonly 20% the following, main and mineral composition is Fang Mei stone and olivine of magnesium of; of chromic pointed spar reach magnesian silicon simple product character: Advocate composition: MgO, the 2nd chemical composition is SiO2. Magnesian olivine the brick contains more SiO2 than magnesian silica brick, former main and mineral composition is magnesian olivine, it is square magnesian stone next; Latter main and mineral for Fang Mei stone, next magnesian olivine; Magnesian calcic simple product: This kind of magnesium contains the CaO of certain amount in material character, main and mineral composition divides the silicon acid that certain amount still contains outside square magnesian stone 2 calcium (2CaO•SiO2) .
(4) dolomite is qualitative fireproof material
The alkalescent and fireproof material that produces for main raw material with natural dolomite calls dolomite simple fireproof stuff. Main and chemical composition is: The CaO of the MgO of 30-42% and 40-60% , both the sum should be more than 90% commonly. Its are main and mineral composition is square magnesian Shi Hefang calcic stone (oxidation is calcic) .
(5) carbon is compound and fireproof material
Carbon is compound and fireproof material is to show the carbolic element material with different pattern and corresponding fireproof oxide are compound fireproof material of production.
(6) contain zirconium fireproof material
Contain zirconium fireproof material is to point to with zirconia (ZrO2) , the fireproof material that the material containing zirconium such as zirconium stone produces for raw material. Contain zirconium fireproof data products includes goods of zirconium stone goods, zirconium Mo Laishi, zirconium corundum goods to wait normally.
(7) special type is fireproof material
If inferior plants,fireproof material cent is special type: Carbolic qualitative products: Include carbolic brick and black lead product;
Pure oxide goods: Include alumina goods, zirconia goods, oxidation calcic goods to wait;
Be not oxide goods: Include boron of carborundum, carbonization, nitrogen to change silicon, nitrogen to change boracic, boron to change zirconium, boron to change grand of titanium, a place of strategic importance (Sialon) , A Long (Alon) goods;
(8) other classification method
Press manufacturing technology, can divide for firing goods, founding goods and do not burn goods.
1, bricky goods: Firing brick, do not bake bricks
1.1 firing brick
Get the product that come through high temperature agglomeration.
Combinative means has: Union of pottery and porcelain, direct union, half recombine and recombine
Pottery and porcelain is united in wedlock: Formation fluid photograph issues in high temperature through fireproof raw material or fireproof raw material and affiliation agglomeration auxiliary and generation is united in wedlock. Pottery and porcelain joins the union that is a kind of by fluid photograph agglomeration generation actually. In fireproof material base substrate, fireproof degree of inferior raw material or fireproof raw material With aid burn agent happening reaction to produce agglutinant fluid photograph to make come loose above all felt of shape raw material is together, follow temperature rise, support fluid - solid should make the appearance of new other people that has taller melt temperature instead and the union with strong generation.
Represent a product: Simple product of silica brick of argillaceous brick, tall aluminous brick, agglomeration and compound and siliceous aluminium.
Be united in wedlock directly: Direct union is a kind of union that generation contacts directly between grain of photograph pointing to solid. Represent a product: Combine magnesian chromic brick to wait directly.
Recombine: Recombine says again compound. Grow free radical to union forms one saturated macromolecule and stop reaction by two, call recombine. Represent a product: Agglomeration corundum brick, tall chromic brick, high pure chromic brick of pointed spar brick, recombine magnesium.
Half recombine: Represent a product: Half recombine magnesium chromic brick, half recombine magnesium chromic brick is to point to with magnesium of partial report frit chromium is arenaceous for the refractory products with firing raw material. The main and mineral composition of magnesian chromic brick is half recombine square magnesian stone, pointed spar and a few silicate. Grain is lacteal chaotic structure, pointed spar is full-fledged inside square magnesian Shi Jing, matrix part is explain dissolve chaotic structure. Square magnesian stone is between crystal - square magnesian stone or square magnesian stone - the direct union of pointed spar, silicate photograph shows grain of isolated condition consist in, the heatproof shake unripe excel of half recombine magnesium chromic brick combines magnesian chromic brick directly.
1.2 do not bake bricks
Get the product that come through microtherm heat treatment.
Combinative means has: Hydration union, chemical union, conglutinate union, aggregate union and agglomeration are united in wedlock.
Hydration is united in wedlock: Aluminous acerbity calcic cement, aluminium acid calcic cement, ρ-Al2O3.
Hydration union is to rely on bond (like cement) unripe to hydrate allots to react in condition of constant temperature and humidity with water, generated to hydrate product produces gelation and arise. To hydrate reacts with gelation generation intensity needs time, temperature and humidity requirement, need conserve consequently. Represent a product: Cement combines prefabricated component to wait.
Chemistry is united in wedlock: The chemical union such as phosphate, siliceous natrium is by bond and raw material medium oxide or / coagulate with affiliation hurried the agent is in normal temperature or heat chemical reaction produces below condition, rely on reaction child make chain or get together to collaboration is used and arise. Represent a product: Phosphatic union firebrick, aluminium magnesium does not bake bricks etc.
Polymerization is united in wedlock: Colophony polymerization is united in wedlock is the condensation that leaves as specific as what join hurried intermediary agent or generation of the agent that make chain in certain condition by the organic bond of high polymer - aggregate reaction, build three-dimensional network structure and produce combinative effect. Represent a product: Brick of magnesian carbon brick, aluminium magnesium carbon, aluminous carbon brick.
Agglomeration is united in wedlock: Alumina exceeds fine pink, oxidation silicon to exceed the agglomeration such as bond of fine pink, collosol to be united in wedlock is to rely on to stand by the glue of the certain material of accept rice measure or contact each other round particle or certain have inferior micron measure exceeds fine pink. The impurity that introduces by bond drops not to have foreign matter even, cause improvement of high temperature capability; Do not make the to hydrate product that contains structural water in great quantities, volatilize and decompose component little, be helpful for the maintenance of the structure after be heated and intensity; The exterior active that exceeds fine pink is tall, be helpful for increasing the low, union strength that counteracts high temperature, drop firing temperature; After exceeding fine pink to disperse but the space with pettier fill, be helpful for decreasing water, improvement fluidity, rise send density. Represent a product: Prefabricated component
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