Burn used rubbish incinerator sort and characteristic

Be in charge of sectional information according to national environmental protection, 2016, generation of countrywide dangerous trash measures more than 50 million tons. Of dangerous trash harmless change processing to have important sense to the development of environmental protection career. Country " " 935 " the program suggests " put forward green to develop a concept, the requirement forms rubbish multivariate, integrated, whole journey and can last what administer lawfully development phase, implementation rubbish processing is harmless change, resource is changed, decrease quantify and socialization. Current, dangerous trash basically passes compost, burn and safety is filled bury deal with, handle in order to burn among them be in the majority. Burn used rubbish incinerator sort and characteristic are shown as follows:
1, furnace discharges type incinerator
Incinerator of furnace platoon type is successive job, its rubbish treating capacity can achieve 200t/d above, its bottom sets furnace Bi, rubbish by on upright hopper furnishs. Wait for flaming rubbish dump to be put on furnace Bi, combustion air from furnace bottom inbreathe, undertake dry, burn directly. With furnace the incinerator that discharge type handles rubbish, besides big rubbish, the exterior temperature that does not undertake rubbish classifies layer of broken; rubbish commonly can amount to 800 ℃ , the temperature limits of flue gas is 2800~1000 ℃ ; there is a firebox only inside incinerator, combustion is reliable, utilization of waste heat is better, combustion stability is good, light rate is high, solid rubbish stays inside furnace make an appointment with 1~3h, gas keeps; incinerator about a few seconds inside furnace furnace thin tall, bulk technology of movement of bigger, operation cost is tall, higher, and furnace platoon wants the mechanical performance with have high temperature resistant, anti-corrosive, better, otherwise easy attaint.


Furnace discharges type incinerator sketch map
2, CAO(ControlledAirOxidation, control air burns) burn system
This system is incinerator of a kind of new-style rubbish, rubbish handles ability to be under 150t/d, its characteristic includes: Rubbish decomposes processing through heating up oxidation first, aerification hind burns again, combustion stability is good, light rate is high, but combustion rate is very slow, and combustion process is taller to requirement of pilot of oxygen quantity, furnace temperature, if water content is big rubbish, combustion; cannot be stabilized when supporting combustion without oil there are two fireboxes inside furnace, solid rubbish is in one firebox (temperature 600~800 ℃ ) stay make an appointment with 3~6h, gas is in 2 firebox (temperature 800~1000 ℃ ) stay make an appointment with 1~3s, by drive implement drive.
3, fluid-bed type incinerator
The body of heater of fluid-bed type incinerator is by poriferous distributing board composition, many quartz is joined inside the chamber of a stove or furnace arenaceous, quartz arenaceous heat 600 ℃ above, rouse the sirocco of 200 ℃ above in hearth, make hot arenaceous boiling rises, throw rubbish again. Rubbish is heated up together arenaceous boil together, rubbish is very fast by dry, catch fire, combustion. Rubbish needs to undertake classified to its before entering furnace broken (10~30cm) , burn in the in suspension inside furnace next, this makes the combustion efficiency of fluid-bed type incinerator tall, light rate is high also, but its rubbish treating capacity is in under 150t/d inside; furnace temperature is even, combustion rate is rapidder, solid rubbish keeps 1~2h inside furnace, gas makes an appointment with a few seconds in furnace.

Sketch map of fluid-bed type incinerator


4, incinerator of rubbish of industry of rotary kiln type
Incinerator of rotary kiln type is wait by furnace of 2 unit of supply of rotary kiln, litter, combustion, burner form, hind still set furnace Bi to undertake 2 times burning. Furnace of this kind of rotary kiln type handles large rubbish and industrial litter aptly (mix like broken bits of mud, coating plastic wait for) , and rubbish does not need to undertake classified commonly broken, processing capability is rubbish of solid of 200t/d above; to keep 2~4h inside rotary kiln, the temperature inside kiln is 900 ℃ left and right sides about, light indoor temperature hindly to be 1000~1200 ℃ , grey grain of the incomplete after burning is little, light rate is higher.

Sketch map of incinerator of rubbish of rotary kiln type
By above incinerator of 4 kinds of rubbish is seen, temperature of the combustion inside the furnace of traditional rubbish incinerator is general not tall, general under 1000 ℃ , reason still has partial combustible to cannot get burning adequately, a few dangerous litter in rubbish for example medical treatment rubbish, among them harmful material cannot be handled completely, can affect local soil and water quality, cause pollution 2 times to the environment, and harmful to environment and human body 2 still can arise when microtherm burns flower.
Be decomposed to make rubbish gets burning adequately and realize 2 flower 0 discharge, from 20 centuries 80 time rise, a lot of new and high technologies already applied in solid litter processing, for example technology of melt of ultrasonic law, aerification, rubbish derives technology of fuel standard, actinic combustion to wait.
5, plasma aerification furnace
Compare traditional combustion skill, plasma technology passes pair of air to undertake ionization, inside one thousandth second temperature can amount to 3000 ℃ ~10000 ℃ , toxic substance issues fast splitting decomposition in high temperature, won't produce 2 consequently flower, dangerous gas and heavy metal can come true after be handled in plasma furnace harmless change. When rubbish investment arrives after plasma aerification furnace is medium (the 1) that be like a graph, organic rubbish is in furnace, rapid dehydrate, hot solution, splitting decomposition, generation is mixed with H2, CO part the organic gas mixture combustibility gas that is main component, 2 times combustion achieves repass decrease a look to change, harmless change. Mineral (metal, glass) melt falls in action of plasma high temperature, achieved the goal that reduce a facial expression. Plasma technology and photograph of traditional combustion technology are compared, handle more thoroughly to dangerous trash, the end broken bits of generation submits crystallization form, its are comprised to do not have dangerous thing, can use at housing materials, need not fill bury. Through processing, rubbish quality decreases in great quantities, toxic substance splitting decomposition, burn ash forms vitreous broken bits, and change is hurtless material, plasma technology handles tall danger waste material is the development trend that dangerous trash handles.
Current, the country such as the United States, Germany, Japan, Belgium uses this kind of technology to handle dangerous waste material, however fireproof material still puts its lining in particular problem, did not get be settlemented effectively. Limits of temperature of job of plasma aerification furnace is ℃ of 1200 ℃ ~1700, temperature is as high as 1700 ℃ near plasma fire mouth, instantaneous high temperature fights thermal stress to marred ability to raise slashing requirement to fireproof material, there is intense heat radiation in process of plasma fire work, fireproof material surface will produce high temperature quickly, cause very big temperature gradient and thermal stress. And the vapor with the many generation after rubbish aerification, generation of can fireproof to upside lining material corrodes vapor rise badly. Development of technology of heat of domestic plasma aerification is later, heretofore did not get succeeding popularizing, one of its bottleneck are the applied basic research that lack uses fireproof data to plasma aerification furnace and academic guidance.

Sketch map of plasma aerification furnace