Fireproof puddle is comprised by igneous pink makings, bond and additive. Major fireproof raw material can be made expect with the pink that will make up fireproof mud place to use. Add with fireproof grog pink right amount model clay makes bond and plasticizer and can make weigh common and fireproof mud, intensity of its normal temperature is inferior, pottery and porcelain is formed to combine ability to have below high temperature relatively high strenth. Serve as bond with water rigid, gas rigid or material of hot rigid union call chemical union fireproof mud, in under the chemical response with before forming pottery and porcelain to combine temperature, arise proper namely sclerosis. The granuality basis of fireproof mud uses a requirement and different, its maximum size is less than 1mm commonly, some is less than 0.5mm or finer. The capable person that chooses fireproof slop is qualitative, the material of the refractory products of Lv of take an examination and body of build by laying bricks or stones agrees character. Fireproof mud divides build by laying bricks or stones to seam material outside, also can use daub law or eject law to use as the protective coating of line system. Fireproof material sort is various, press normally fireproof spend cent of on any account to be common and fireproof material (1770 ℃ of 1580 ～ ) , advanced and fireproof material (1770 ～ 2000
℃ ) with fancy and fireproof material (2000 ℃ above) ; By chemical character cent is acidity and fireproof material, neuter and fireproof material and alkalescent and fireproof material. In addition, useful still the fireproof material at special situation.
What fireproof puddle pledges according to comprising capable person is different and OK cent pledges for clay fireproof mud, tall aluminium pledges fireproof mud, silicon pledges fireproof mud, magnesium pledges fireproof mud. fireproof mud according to bond different, can divide again for the following 3 kinds: &Ensp;
(1) pottery and porcelain combines fireproof mashed vegetable or fruit it is by fireproof fine aggregate and bond of pottery and porcelain (plasticity clay) compositive compound. Delivery position is dry state, after needing to add water, use, sclerotic below high temperature through union of pottery and porcelain.
(2) water rigid combines fireproof mashed vegetable or fruit it is by fireproof fine aggregate and the water rigid bond that have main union effect (cement) compositive compound. Delivery state is only dry state, after adding water, use, need not heat when sclerosis.
(3) chemistry combines fireproof mud to be mixed by fireproof fine aggregate chemical bond (inorganic, organic one inorganic, organic) compositive compound. Delivery position can be oar shape already, can be dry state, in combine temperature under pottery and porcelain the following sclerosis. According to curing temperature, this kind of fireproof mud can divide the rigid that it is gas and hot rigid two kinds. Gas rigid is fireproof the gas rigid bond such as commonly used water glass makes up mud. Hot rigid is fireproof the hot rigid bond such as commonly used phosphoric acid or phosphate makes up mud. This kind of hot rigid is fireproof after mud is sclerotic, except have higher strength below all sorts of temperature beyond, still have systole rigor of small, juncture, be able to bear or endure corrode sex is strong wait for a characteristic.
Finished product of fireproof sludge component and semi-manufactured goods two kinds. Fireproof mud is in alleged finished product namely manufacturer home already had matched raw material, grog in proportion, when the spot is used, need to add water agitate by the standard only even can; semi-manufactured goods or blame finished product are fireproof mud is raw material and grog not since mix into syncretic, when the spot is used, the composition that presses different slop mixes adequately, add water agitate by the regulation even can.
Fireproof mudAlso make fireproof puddle, it is the adhesive between the cylindrical shell when firebrick of build by laying bricks or stones and firebrick, firebrick and firebrick, make union of firebrick of build by laying bricks or stones is whole, its composition and fireproof degree as approximate as firebrick, assure firebrick
The coefficient of expansion with daub is approximate, avoid to as a result of firebrick and puddle coefficient of expansion differs and squeeze firebrick break or happen shake a phenomenon. So, it is good that daub must have construction property, felt force is powerful, be able to bear or endure chemical aggressivity can be good, wear-resisting, high temperature resistant, and the firebrick that receives a demand easily seams ply.
① clay brick and tall aluminous brick use daub make up raw material to be cement of 425 above high grade or tall aluminous cement (fireproof cement) with fireclay, build by laying bricks or stones is built
Tall aluminous brick
When Al2O3, 40 ％ of content ＞ ; 20 ％ ～ is when build by laying bricks or stones builds argillaceous brick 40 ％ , both than be L: 2 or 1: 3, the agitate that add water (of water and fireproof mud it is than making an appointment with 0.7: 1) , tone is become without piece stiff go namely mushily. If use water glass to replace water, the effect is much better, before mediate, water glass uses 1: The water of 1 is attenuant, become fireproof puddle with modulation of cement, fireclay again.
② iron magnesian puddle is used at build by laying bricks or stones to build magnesian qualitative firebrick, by firebrick quality 6 ％ of 5 ％ ～ get the materials ready; 8 ％ ～ is pressed when build by laying bricks or stones builds magnesia brick 10 ％ get the materials ready. Place is less than 1mm with magnesia fines diameter; Magnesia fine pink is 15 ％ ～ through residue on sieve of Cm2 of 4900 aperture ／ 20 ％ ; Iron ore fines is less than 1mm; Water glass is 1.41 ～ than density 1.44, hydrous about 50 ％ .
Tie MeiFireproof puddleMake up a method: Water glass and water compare by cubage 1.5: 1 dilute matchs solution, it is about than density 1.3; Iron sand fine pink, magnesia fine pink, iron ore fine pink compares by quality 1: 1: 1 allocate, mix even, match powder, pour the water glass solution that measures 30 ％ for drier about into powder, tone synthesizes the puddle of firebrick of build by laying bricks or stones with consistency applicable viscosity. If daub is agglutinant insufficient, but right amount increase fine pink proportion; If mud seams need broaden, can add magnesia bead way appropriately; If daub ties is strong too slow, can mix equably in drier the silicate cement hurried of about 0.5 ％ is hard, but mix expect cannot overmuch, lest be being used,begin to condense in the process quality of firebrick of influence build by laying bricks or stones. Once daub ties is strong, right amount add agitate of water glass solution smooth, still can use, also can answer knot hard puddle mix makings pool and reoccupy of divide evenly of virgin material agitate.
When construction of southern hot weather, the cubage of water glass and water but instead 1: 1 dilute. When construction of northward winter low temperature, apply the solution of hot water dilute that 80 ％ control, mix makings metal chamfer still can ignite heat, part water glass and hot water to join drier to undertake modulation directly even, follow along with tone with. What move daub layer to maintain 30min but time of build by laying bricks or stones, the ties after 4 ～ 8h is strong, have the compression strength that makes an appointment with 20MPa.
Fireproof puddle uses ③ phosphate at build by laying bricks or stones to build
Phosphatic firebrick or phosphatic wear-resisting firebrick, of daub concoctive the industrial phosphoric acid that should use 85 ％ of chroma T ＞ becomes concoctive agent.
Daub deserves to compare for: 100kg of tall aluminium powder, phosphoric acid 16—18kg, water 15 ～ 24kg, every 100kg water adds bone glue one 4kg of L. Build by laying bricks or stones builds fireproof firebrick to need 40kg of tall aluminium powder about, the 5.6kg of industrial phosphoric acid of 85 ％ .
Before fireproof puddle is using phosphate, must shift to an earlier date 2 ～ are made up 3 classes. When making up, join makings white acid-proof container by the regulation inside (the) such as water jar, add phosphoric acid, ceaseless agitate, make the impurity in phosphoric acid and tall aluminium powder reacts adequately, eliminate bad smell, do not have equably piece can. Following item must notice when modulation puddle:
A) bone glue and water are boiled make glue, caikejia enters tall aluminium powder.
After B) puddle mix is even, should place 16 ～ 24h to undertake stranding mud, person specially assigned for a task is in charge of, agitate of every other 1—2h, make its react adequately, the aeriform transgression that makes generate; If expect time is insufficient tiredly, the firebrick after build by laying bricks or stones is built is seamed inside form bleb, affect quality of firebrick of build by laying bricks or stones.
C) environment temperature under 20 ℃ when, should be in all round add fire, undertake heating secondhand, make slop temperature achieves 40 one 60 ℃ .
D) notices safety, prevent phosphoric acid to splash go up in the body.
④ adiabatic firebrick uses fireproof puddle cooperate to compare for diatomite or fireclay: Water glass =1: 1.841, excel in fireclay can add water to call directly, comfortable build at the build by laying bricks or stones of of all kinds firebrick.
Fireproof cement also calls aluminous acerbity brine mud. Mud of aluminous acerbity brine is with aluminium alumina and limestone are raw material, make via to calcine it is content of bases, alumina to make an appointment with the grog of 50% with aluminous acerbity calcium, grind the material of water rigid gel that makes again. Mud of aluminous acerbity brine often is Huanghuo Brown, also have grizzly. Of mud of aluminous acerbity brine main and mineral make aluminous acid one calcium (CaO·Al2O3, logogram CA) the aluminous acerbity salt of etc, and a few siliceous 2 calcium (2CaO·SiO2) wait. Use at cementation all sorts of fireproof collect expect (if corundum, to calcine is tall aluminous alumina) , make fireproof and pouring makings or fireproof concrete, use at industrial kiln furnace to make liner.
The distinction with two kinds of the oldest stuff is in with one kind is to serve as finished product to be used directly, and fireproof cement is as raw material cementation all sorts of fireproof collect makings are made fireproof and pouring expect the data that is used at kiln furnace liner. The use attribute of two kinds of material is so different also formed the effect on different use method.
Make up fireproof mud
① clay brick and tall aluminous brick use fireproof sludge make up raw material to be cement (advanced course cement or mud of aluminous acerbity brine) add water agitate with fireclay, tone is become stiff mushy. Also can use modulation of water glass acting water.
② magnesium pledges firebrick uses fireproof sludge make up with iron sand fines, magnesia fine pink, iron ore fine pink, press 1: 1: 1 mix to become powder equably, next in measuring the water glass solution of 30% to pour person powder for drier about, modulation becomes the puddle with applicable stickiness.
③ phosphatic brick and raw material of phosphatic wear-resisting brick use tall aluminium powder, phosphoric acid (chroma is more than 85%) , bone glue (boil with water first make glue) , ceaseless inside acid-proof container agitate, do not have equably piece, make phosphatic puddle.
④ adiabatic brick uses fireproof sludge make up with diatomite or fireclay and water glass, with 1:1Make up and become.
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