Nonferrous metal smelt is more complex to the requirement of fireproof material, should have already enough high temperature resistant quality, still need to have particular high temperature strength, need to have at the same time fight broken bits goodly to erode reach the capacity that fights slag, flue gas to erode, because this is having firm demand to the choice of fireproof material inside furnace. All have respective characteristic to the smelt of all sorts of nonferrous metal at the same time, need to have choose fireproof material optionally.
At present home uses the fireproof material in industry of nonferrous metal smelt to divide roughly it is two kinds big: Slant acidity and fireproof material, slant alkalescent and fireproof material. Slant is acidity and fireproof material given priority to with tervalent oxide (Al? O? - SiO? Department) , basically include tall aluminous brick, Mo Laishi brick, zirconium corundum brick to wait; And slant is alkalescent and fireproof material given priority to with diatomic oxide (MgO-Al? O? , MgO-Cr? O? Department) , include brick of pointed spar of magnesian chromic brick, magnalium brick, magnalium to wait.
1, fireproof material is carried out in the design of plumbic metallurgy industry and application 1) the actual production experience with hearth design old course, to plumbic smelt, uses metallurgy heat includes to handle the furnace of a few kinds of metallurgy of all sorts of lead stock, but what the fireproof liner of metallurgy furnace basically uses is magnesian chromic brick, tall aluminous brick, tall aluminium those who pledge is fireproof pound dozen of makings to wait.
(1) permanent layer area is in hearth in the design of lining, each positions inside body of heater are different, be able to bear or endure the choice of material also changes accordingly. It is in order to secure body of heater of horizontal metallurgy furnace exemple, the brick of chromium having magnesium that hearth uses commonly, tall aluminous brick, aluminous chromic pointed spar and tall aluminium pound dozen of makings, magnesium to pound dozen of makings to wait character character, return some use excel in to prevent ooze to pound dozen of makings, is its composition also to belong to Al? O? - SiO? Department, al? O? content > 75% . Does the proportion of liquid state lead amount to 10.6g/cm? , extremely osmotic strong, because this hearth is able to bear or endure,material should have already medicinal powder hot function, also want to have the capacity of the taller lead that prevent ooze.
The method that uses extensively at present is hearth armor plate go up above all brick of laid tall aluminium, tall aluminous brick has higher compression strength (40~60MPa of intensity of normal temperature compression) , use as hearth bottom is compared as mat layer reasonable; In hearth the upside that fill up a layer should install to have the fireproof stuff that fights lead to permeate, use at present magnesium pounds dozen of makings or excel in to prevent ooze to pound dozen of makings character (tall aluminium is qualitative) , two kinds all can have the effect of secondary floor. Among them magnesium pounds dozen of makings character deserve to compare for: Magnesia: Magnesian pink =7: 3, match with bittern, magnesia granuality: 0.2~0.5mm70% , 1.5~3.0mm 30% ; The ingredient that excel in prevents ooze to pound dozen of makings is: The aggregate of all sorts of granuality with tall qualitative aluminium, bone dust is configured and become, after course high temperature is roast, the aggregate of all sorts of granuality expands to be united in wedlock cheek by jowl, achieve goal of ideal the lead that prevent ooze.
What must notice is magnesian qualitative, magnesian chromium pound dozen of makings character dozen after finishing, need to have low temperature roast, after roast go on a journey leaves water, with fine magnesian pink will adjustable seam fill solid, pound the intensity that lays a layer and close-grained sex in order to assure. The ply that pounds dozen of makings suggests to be 150~300mm, facilitate already pound when hitting finish, relatively can even ground is finished roast, form the integral layer with the better effect that prevent ooze.
(2) area of hearth job layer is fireproof to the safe layer of hearth and working layer the choice of material, what use extensively is magnesian chromic brick. Among them safe layer can use chromic brick of direct union magnesium, working layer uses half recombine magnesium chromic brick, as the wave motion of plumbic fluid face, the temperature of hearth is fluctuant and apparent, because this should choose the half recombine with thermal shock good sex magnesian chromic brick. Hearth safety layer and working layer also have those who use tall aluminous brick, general this kind of furnace metropolis has the bottom lead layer with tall ~400mm, because this hearth won't be eroded slaggily, can you choose Al? O? the line brick that content is not less than the tall aluminous brick of 75% to regard hearth safety as layer and working layer.
2) the work area inside the chamber of a stove or furnace of the work area inside furnace (furnace wall, roof) be able to bear or endure material chooses cent to undertake for two area, one part is bath area (especially section of broken bits line) the firebrick that firebrick is weather area another.
(1) area of bath of area of the bath inside furnace (especially section of broken bits line) be eroded slaggily and firebrick can be eroded, plumbic smelt is slaggy part is relatively complex, the fireproof stuff with tall simple aluminium can share slagging reaction, because this chooses tall aluminium,qualitative firebrick is improper, should choose the firebrick with magnesian chromic qualitative material. Consider firebrick at the same time fight broken bits to erode reach fight erode quality, should choose the magnesian chromic brick of electric frit recombine.
The brick with this qualitative material is fighting excel of broken bits aggressivity half recombine magnesium chromic brick. Cr? O? content increases what can raise a brick to fight broken bits aggressivity, because this chooses Cr as far as possible? O? The magnesian chromic qualitative firebrick with higher content.
(2) area firebrick won't suffer atmosphere of area of the weather inside furnace to be eroded slaggily, suffer what a few slaggy splash are eroded and contain dirt flue gas to erode only, because can be this chosen,contain Cr? O? Inferior magnesian chromic qualitative firebrick. Is the magnesian chromic brick that the refine lead of domestic some factory uses inside reductive furnace is producing what earlier place uses to contain Cr? O? Chromic brick of taller direct union magnesium, appeared the wrap up that the appearance of magnesian chromic brick that weather area handles does not have metal and broken bits, brick breaks two paragraphs, the structure is loose wait for a phenomenon, is be being judged according to analysing a result the Fe in firebrick? ﹢ , Fe? ﹢ is many and reductive into simple substance Fe, bring about bricky system structure thereby loose.
Because this converted in maintenance,contain Cr? O? Is inferior electric frit recombine magnesian chromic brick (Cr? O? Content is 12% ) . This improves main reason is electric frit recombine the apparent pore rate of magnesian chromic brick is low, reduce the Fe in firebrick at the same time? ﹢ , Fe? The content of ﹢ , thereby more get used to the strong reducing atmosphere in weather area, lengthen use cycle. Convert the electric frit recombine of this type is magnesian after chromic brick, extended use time greatly, obtained favorable result.
2, the heat that the place of plumbic smelt industry of epilogue home uses more, cooling device also applies somewhat in furnace of of all kinds metallurgy, have better effect to prolonging the service life of metallurgy furnace. But be pleasant to the eye from use process, to plumbic smelt this is planted degree of superheat is big, raw material is complex, plumbic matte erodes the smelt process of cooling device easily again, the operation that relies on cooling device to hang broken bits returns the safe hidden trouble with constant presence, because line of this cooling device interior has fireproof stuff,remain indispensable. Use correctly of fireproof material with cooling device supplement each other, can have the effect of mutual protection.
In the basis smelt craft characteristic, smelt stock is characteristic, on right choice and the base that use fireproof data, what should assure metallurgy furnace is normal move, assure reasonable furnace birthday, make the enterprise obtains economic benefits, still must have correct and reasonable fireproof data design, include structural design, dilatometer to calculate, of body of build by laying bricks or stones warm up roast use what affecting fireproof data normally.
Accordingly, on the foundation of existing development, still need deeper one pace ground undertakes around fireproof material the respect such as analysis of the gender, aggressivity that fight broken bits, stress, roast system undertakes study to improve deep is able to bear or endure eroding, need the joint efforts of unit of fireproof data vendor, design and user many sided, ability makes fireproof material obtains better applied result.
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